San-Juan OD, Rodríguez ZE, Gómez GGJ, Vázquez GR, Tabera TPM, Fleury A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 212-218
Archivo PDF: 194.93 Kb.

RESUMEN

La neurocisticercosis humana es reconocida como un problema de salud pública, siendo considerada como la parasitosis más frecuente del sistema nervioso central. En México, la neurocisticercosis constituye la principal causa de epilepsia de inicio en el adulto. Las formas de presentación clínica son variadas; la epilepsia constituye una de las formas más comunes de instalación clínica y su frecuencia va desde el 60 al 90%. Las crisis epilépticas ocurren aproximadamente en 80% de los pacientes con neurocisticercosis y pueden aparecer durante todas las fases de la neurocisticercosis, siendo la transición coloidal la más epileptogénica. El tipo de crisis está relacionado con el número y la localización de los parásitos. La precisión diagnóstica y su clasificación está frecuentemente limitada por los recursos de neuroimagen y neurofisiología. El tratamiento de la epilepsia sintomática se encuentra basado en los lineamientos generales para el manejo de la epilepsia, sin considerar sus particularidades. El objetivo de esta revisión es mostrar los aspectos clínicos, clasificación, fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la epilepsia secundaria a neurocisticercosis. Actualmente, se carece de información sobre el pronóstico a largo plazo, los mecanismos epileptogénicos subyacentes, la eficacia y seguridad de los nuevos antiepilépticos, incluyendo algunos de primera generación.

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