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Revista de la Asociación Médica del Centro Médico ABC

2021, Number 1

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An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2021; 66 (1)

Assessment of a lifestyle education intervention to prevent prediabetes or type 2 diabetes among mexican children

Mota SV, Reyes CA, Estefan JP, Martínez CD, Calero PMFG, Velázquez HB

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 25-35
PDF size: 330.46 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Being overweight or obese, is one of the strongest modifiable risk factors associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in all age groups. Currently, one out of three Mexican children and adolescents between six and 19 years old are overweight or obese. Lifestyle programs are prioritized to promote healthy weight maintenance and prevent prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Objective: To assess a lifestyle education intervention to prevent prediabetes or type 2 diabetes among Mexican children. Material and methods: A clinical controlled trial designed as a randomized, single blind, parallel group, two arm pilot study. The sample comprised 26 Mexican children, between seven and 10 years old, both sexes, with risk factors for type 2 diabetes, in a primary care clinic in Mexico City. The intervention was carried out in four months. Intervention group (n = 12) received 8 classes on lifestyle education and four nutrition consultations. Control group (n = 13), four nutrition consultations and routine recommendations on lifestyle. Principal variables were Body Mass Index (BMI); fat mass percentage; carbohydrate consumption (g); HbA1c (Glycated hemoglobin) and, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance). Data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (t Student test, t-paired test and χ2 test). Statistical significance was set at p < 0·05. Results: After the intervention, HbA1c decreased, 0.32 % and 0.23%, in the intervention and control groups. Carbohydrate consumption decreased in 20 g in the intervention group. BMI and fat mass percentage did not change within any group. Conclusion: Group and individual interventions contribute to metabolic benefits. Group intervention promote carbohydrate consumption reduction.


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EVIDENCE LEVEL

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