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Medicina & Laboratorio

2014, Number 07-08

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Medicina & Laboratorio 2014; 20 (07-08)

New approaches to understanding Alzheimer disease

Castro-Álvarez JF, Cardona-Gómez GP

Language: Spanish
References: 108
Page: 337-355
PDF size: 508.89 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Alzheimer disease is the most common cause of dementia in the world. The major histopathological markers associated with the disease are the accumulation of extracellular amyloid β-peptides and the accumulation of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Multiple kinases and phosphatases can regulate tau phosphorylation, and the adequate function or aggregation depends on the balance between these enzymes. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is one of the major kinases involved in tau phosphorylation. This kinase has a direct action by phosphorylating various residues, and participates in the regulation of a variety of substrates for proper neuron function; however, dysregulation conditions can trigger Alzheimer disease. As well, changes in the cell that leading to protein aggregation or failure in their degradation pathways, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, can facilitate the development of the disease. The search of effective treatment strategies for patients with Alzheimer disease should try to unify the pathogenic mechanisms from within complexity of this chronic and multifactorial condition.


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