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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2020, Number 2

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Med Int Mex 2020; 36 (2)

Normal functioning intrathoracic goiter

Carrillo-Esper R, Carrillo-Córdova DM, Cabello-Aguilera R

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 265-271
PDF size: 225.87 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: The current accepted definition of an intrathoracic goiter is a thyroid gland with more than 50% of its mass located below the thoracic inlet. The overall incidence has decreased with the routine use of ionized salt. The intrathoracic goiter represents up 7% of mediastinal tumors. The majority are benign masses found in the superior and anterior mediastinum, although 3% to 5% can be malignant. The presenting symptoms generally relate to the compressive nature of the mass on nearby structures. Diagnostic evaluation should include clinical and Pemberton maneuver evaluation, chest X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance image, and thyroid function test. Surgical treatment of intrathoracic goiter requires a diagnosis that exactly defines the patient status and the extent of lesion. Most intrathoracic goiter can be resected through a cervical approach. On rare occasions a median sternotomy or thoracotomy will be required to permit a complete thyroidectomy.
Clinical case: A 60-year-old female patient with intrathoracic goiter.
Conclusions: Intrathoracic goiter is a rare condition, but it should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis in patients with a mediastinal tumor, especially in the antero-superior mediastinum, in cases of suspicion it is important to perform the Pemberton maneuver.


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