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ISSN 2992-8559 (Electronic)
ISSN 1405-0625 (Print)

2016, Number 3

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Cir Plast 2016; 26 (3)

Epidemiological study of facial trauma at the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Service of the General Hospital «Dr. Rubén Leñero» in Mexico City. 5 year incidence

Morales-Olivera JM, Hernández-Ordoñez R, Pacheco-López R

Language: Spanish
References: 15
Page: 119-124
PDF size: 294.46 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Worldwide facial trauma is more common in the economically active population. The General Hospital «Dr. Rubén Leñero» in Mexico City is a polytrauma reference center, which is why this work’s aim is to determine the epidemiology of facial trauma in a Public Health Institution in Mexico City. We studied the incidence of the cases from January 2008 to January 2013. During this period 4,814 patients were treated: 83.6% were male and 16.4% female. The average age was 36 years old (16 to 84); the principal places of origin were: Estado de México (47%) and Iztapalapa in Mexico City (31.4%). The mechanisms of injury were: direct aggression fighting (52%), followed by vehicle accidents (cars 18.1% and motorcycle 17.8%). 82% of the patients evaluated presented soft tissue injury, and 8.2% presented at least one facial fracture. The fracture lines identified were: upper third: frontal 4.5%, nasofrontal 3.75% and Le Fort III 3%; Middle third: zygomatic arch malar: 16%; orbital rim: 15%; orbital floor: 27%; naso orbital ethmoid 6%; Le Fort II 0.75%; Le Fort I 1.5%; Lower third: symphysis 7.5%, parasymphysis 31%, body 4.5%, angle 34%, ascending branch 3 %, sub condyle 6.% and condyle 4.5%. 1.08% presented injury in a branch of the facial nerve and 0.37% parotid gland injury. Neurological damage was present in 2.92% and eyeball injury in 5.11%. 87.8% of the fractures were treated with an elective surgery (12.2% conservative handling) and 74% of the nerve lesions or parotid injuries with an immediate surgical treatment (26% was treated electively after neurologic and ocular injuries were stabilized. We conclude that the incidence described reveals the actual state of this entity in our country.


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