­
medigraphic.com
ISSN 0188-2198 (Print)

2004, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Rev Mex Cardiol 2004; 15 (1)

Reactive hyperemia of upper and lower limbs in different groups of sports training

Gutiérrez-Sánchez JB, García-Unzueta MT , Amado-Señarís JA , Poveda-Sierra JJ ,De-Mier I, de Berrazueta-Fernández JR

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 23-29
PDF size: 86.97 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Physical exercise induces an increase in blood flow. Intermittent occlusion with strain gauge plethysmography makes it possible to study reactive hyperemia by comparing upper and lower limbs. Objectives: To determine reactive hyperemia blood flow of upper and lower extremities in cyclists, rowers and a control group. Methods: Reactive hyperemia with strain gauge plethysmography with measurement of blood flow in the calf and forearm in two groups of highly trained individuals, 10 cyclists, 10 rowers, and 10 untrained control subjects. Results: The three groups had similar baseline blood flow in forearm and leg. The increase in blood flow in the leg was similar in cyclists and rowers, and higher in these groups than in the control group. The increase in blood flow in the forearm was higher in rowers than in cyclists and control subjects. Conclusion: Reactive hyperemia with strain gauge plethysmography is a non invasive and reproducible technique. Exercise increases blood flow in all muscle regions and to agreater degree on those more trained. There should be more comparative studies between healthy groups with different risk for cardiovascular diseas


REFERENCES

  1. Morris JN, Kagan A, Pattison DC, Gardner MJ. Incidence and prediction of ischemic heart-disease in London busmen. Lancet 1966; 2: 553-559.

  2. Cassel J, Heyden S, Bartel AG et al. Occupation and physical activity and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 1971; 128: 920-928.

  3. Roserman RH, Brand RJ, Jenkins D, Friedman M, Straus R, Wurm M. Coronary heart disease in the Western Collaborative Group. JAMA 1975; 233: 872-877.

  4. Redwood DR, Rosing DR, Epstein SE. Circulatory and symptomatic effects of physical training in patients with coronary artery disease and angina pectoris. N Engl J Med 1972; 286: 959-965.

  5. Niebauer J, Cooke JP. Cardiovascular effects of exercise: role of endothelial shear stress. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28: 1652-1660.

  6. Poveda JJ, Riestra A, Salas E, Cagigas ML, Amado JA, Berrazueta JR. Contribution of nitric oxide to exercise-induced changes in healthy volunteers: effects of acute and long-term physical training. Eur J Clin Invest 1997; 27: 967-971. C:Documents and Settingsjbgs0128Mis documentosMy Music

  7. Berrazueta JR, Baghat K, Vallance P, MacAllister RJ. Dose and time-dependency of the dilator effects of the Endothelin antagonist, BQ 123, in the human forearm. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 44: 569-571.

  8. Soresen KE, Celermajer DS, Spiegelhalter DJ et al. Non-invasive measurement of human endothelium dependent arterial responses: accuracy and reproducibility. Br Heart J 1995; 74: 274-253.

  9. Clarkson P, Montgomery HE, Mullen MJ et al. Exercise training enhances endothelial function in young men. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33: 1379-1385.

  10. Green DJ, Fowler DT, O’Driscoll JG, Blanksby BA, Taylor RR. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide activity in forearm vessels of tennis players. J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 943-948.

  11. Kroese AJ. Reactive hyperaemia in the calf of trained and untrained subjects: a study with strain gauge plethysmography. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1977; 37: 111-115.

  12. Kroese AJ. Reactive hyperaemia in the human calf after long lasting ischaemia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1976; 36: 739-745.

  13. Patterson GC, Whelan RF. Reactive hyperaemia in the human forearm. Clin Sci 1955; 14: 197-201.

  14. Whitney RJ. The measurement of volume changes in human limbs. J Physiol (London) 1953; 121: 1-27.

  15. Dziekan G, Myers J, Goebbels U et al. Effects of exercise training on limb blood flow in patients with reduced ventricular function. Am Heart J 1998; 136: 22-30.

  16. Wang J, Wolin MS, Hintze TH. Chronic exercise enhances endothelium-mediated dilation of epicardial coronary artery in conscious dogs. Circ Res 1993; 73: 829-838.

  17. Miller VM, Vanhoutte PM. Enhanced release of endothelium-derived factor(s) by chronic increases in blood flow. Am J Physiol 1988; 255: H446-451.

  18. Moncada S, Higgs A. The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 2002-2012.

  19. Sessa WC, Harrison JK, Barber CM et al. Molecular cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 15274-15276.

  20. Vane JR, Anggard EE, Botting RM. Regulatory functions of the vascular endothelium. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 27-36.

  21. Tagawa T, Imaizumi T, Endo T, Shiramoto M, Harasawa Y, Takeshita A. Role of nitric oxide in reactive hyperemia in human forearm vessels. Circulation 1994; 90: 2285-2290.

  22. Duff F, Shepherd JT. The circulation in the chronically denervated forearm. Clin Sci 1953; 12: 407-416.

  23. Shepherd JT. Circulation to skeletal muscle. Handbook of physiology. The cardiovascular system. Peripheral circulation and organ blood flow. Bethesda, MD: Am Physiol Soc 1983. Sect. 2, vol. III, pt.1, chapt. 11 pp: 319- 370.

  24. Kilbom A, Wennmalm A. Endogenous prostaglandins as local regulators or blood flow in man: effect of indomethacin on reactive and functional hyperaemia. J Physiol Lond 1976; 257: 109-121.

  25. Engelke KA, Halliwill JR, Proctor DN, Dietz NM, Joyner MJ. Contribution of nitric oxide and prostaglandins to reactive hyperemia in human forearm. J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 1807-1814.

  26. Ress DD, Palmer RM, Moncada S. Role of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in the regulation of blood pressure. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989; 86: 3375-3378.

  27. Willians DJ, Vallance PJ, Neild GH, Spencer JA, Imms FJ. Nitric Oxide-mediated Vasodilation in Human Pregnancy. Am J Physiol 1997; 272: H748-752.

  28. Koller A, Huang A, Sun D, Kaley G. Exercise training augments flow-dependent dilation in rat skeletal muscle arterioles. Role of endothelial nitric oxide and prostaglandins. Circ Res 1995; 76: 544-550.

  29. Bove AA, Dewey JD. Proximal coronary vasomotor reactivity after exercise training in dogs. Circulation 1985; 71: 620-625.

  30. Miller VM, Vanhoutte PM. Enhanced release of endothelium-derived factor(s) by chronic increases in blood flow. Am J Physiol 1988; 255: H446-451.

  31. Charlton GA, Crawford MH. Physiological consequences of training. Cardiol Clin 1997; 15: 345-354.

  32. Laight DW, Kaw AV, Carrier MJ, Anggard EE. Interaction between superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the regulation of vascular endothelial function. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 124: 238-244.

  33. Gryglewski RJ, Palmer RM, Moncada S. Superoxide anion is involved in the breakdown of endothelium-derived vascular relaxing factor. Nature 1986; 320: 454-456.

  34. Rajagopalan S, Kurz S, Münzel T et al. Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension in the rat increases vascular superoxide production via membrane NADH/NADPH oxidase activation. Contribution to alterations of vasomotor tone. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 1916-1923.

  35. McIntyre M, Bohr DF, Dominiczak AF. Endothelial function in hypertension: the role of superoxide anion. Hypertension 1999; 34: 539-545.

  36. Cardillo C, Kilcoyne CM, Cannon RO 3rd, Quyyumi AA, Panza JA. Xanthine oxidase inhibition with oxypurinol improves endothelial vasodilator function in hypercholesterolemic but not in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1997; 30: 57-63.

  37. Panza JA, Quyyumi AA, Brush JE Jr, Epstein SE. Abnormal endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 22-27.

  38. Node K, Kitakaze M, Yoshikawa H, Kosaka H, Hori M. Reversible reduction in plasma concentration of nitric oxide induced by cigarette smoking in young adults. Amer J Cardiol 1997; 79: 1538-1541.

  39. Sherman DL. Exercise and endothelial function. Coronary Artery Dis 2000; 11: 117-122.

  40. Kuchan MJ, Frangos JA. Shear stress regulates endothelin-1 release via protein kinase C and cGMP in cultured endothelial cells. Am J Physiol 1993; 264: H150-156.

  41. Sharefkin JB, Diamond SL, Eskin SG, McIntire LV, Dieffenbach CW. Fluid Flow decreases preproendothelin mRNA levels and suppresses endothelin-1 peptide release in cultured human endothelial cells. J Vasc Surg 1991; 14: 1-9.

  42. Boulanger C, Lüscher TF. Release of endothelin from the porcine aorta. Inhibition by endothelium-derived nitric oxide. J Clin Invest 1990; 85: 587-590.

  43. Delp MD. Differential effects of training on the control of skeletal muscle perfusion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 361-374.

  44. Dornyei G, Monos E, Kaley G, Koller A. Myogenic responses of isolated rat skeletal muscle venules: modulation by norepinephrine and endothelium. Am J Physiol 1996; 271: H267-272.

  45. Higashi Y, Sasaki S, Sasaki N et al. Daily aerobic exercise improves reactive hyperemia in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension 1999; 33: 591-597.

  46. Sherman DL. Exercise and endothelial function. Coronary Artery Dis 2000; 11: 117-122.

  47. Rubanyi GM, Romero JC, Vanhoutte PM. Flow-induced release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Am J Physiol 1986; 250: H1145-H1149.

  48. Niebauer J, Cooke JP. Cardiovascular effects of exercise: role of endothelial shear stress. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 28: 1652-1660.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com

    Este sitio utiliza cookies   Estoy de acuerdo