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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2008, Number 5

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Rev Invest Clin 2008; 60 (5)

Gamma interferon: basics aspects, clinic significance and terapeutic uses

Mata-Espinosa DA, Hernández-Pando R

Language: Spanish
References: 60
Page: 421-431
PDF size: 145.82 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Interferons are a family of pleiotropic cytokines, their name was assigned because of their anti-replicative viral activity. IFNγ or immune type II interferon does not share receptors with the type I interferon, its structure is different and its gene is located in different cromosome, although its biologic effects are similar. Along of several years of research, it has been found that IFNγ enhances the transcription of genes involved in immunomodulation, antiviral responses and antitumoral activities. Regarding to the immune system, IFNγ increases the cytotoxic and phagocytic activity of macrophages and upregulates the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules in dendritics cells and other antigen presenting cells. IFNγ also promotes the development and differentiation of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes to Th1 helper subset. Indeed, this cytokine has a key role in the control of bacterial, micotic, viral and parasitic infections. Depending of the micro-enviroment, IFNγ has a dual role as pro or anti inflammatory cytokine. Novel therapeutic strategies are currently being developed with the aim to enhance the immune response or replace IFNγ gene abnormal expression with beneficial results in humans, being recombinant IFNγ safe and well tolerated.


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