Mata-Espinosa DA, Hernández-Pando R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 60
Paginas: 421-431
Archivo PDF: 145.82 Kb.

RESUMEN

Los interferones son una familia de citocinas pleiotrópicas, cuyo nombre se les asignó porque inhiben la replicación viral. El IFNγ o interferón inmune tipo II no comparte receptores con los interferones tipo I y tipo III, su estructura es distinta y su gen está localizado en un cromosoma diferente, aunque sus efectos biológicos son similares. A través de años de investigación se ha encontrado que el IFNγ potencia la transcripción de genes involucrados en actividades inmunomoduladoras, antivirales, antitumorales y antiproliferativas. En el sistema inmunológico, el IFNγ aumenta la actividad citotóxica y fagocítica de macrófagos e induce la expresión de moléculas del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad (MHC) clase I y II en células dendríticas y otras células presentadoras de antígeno. El IFNγ también incrementa el desarrollo y diferenciación de células T cooperadoras 1 (Th1). Debido a esto, el IFNγ tiene un papel clave en el control de infecciones bacterianas, fúngicas, virales y parasitarias. El IFNγ tiene un papel dual, es pro y anti inflamatorio, lo cual lo convierte en una proteína singular debido a que su comportamiento depende del medio en el que se encuentre. Se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias terapéuticas con el objetivo de potenciar la respuesta inmune o reemplazar la deficiencia de la expresión de su gen, los resultados en humanos son exitosos, el IFNγ recombinante es seguro y bien tolerado.

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