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2012, Number 3

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Rev Med MD 2012; 3.4 (3)

Urinary tract infection in pediatric patients

Ramírez-Ramírez FJ

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 148-153
PDF size: 496.70 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is due to the colonization of the urinary tract by pathogenic microorganisms that cause an inflammatory response developing urinary and systemic signs and symptoms. UTIs are one of the most common infectious diseases. Its incidence is 3-5% and represents a major source of exposure to antibiotics in the pediatric age. The microorganisms that cause UTIs are predominantly Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp. and Proteus spp.). Fever without apparent source of infection is the main clinical manifestation, followed by dysuria, urinary urgency, urinary incontinence, etc. Among the evidence supporting the diagnosis of UTI are the urinalysis (EGO), Gram stain on uncentrifuged urine, etc. The gold standard for diagnosis is urine culture with growth of› 100 000 colony forming units (CFU) per ml, although the most recent recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggest basing the diagnosis on the presence of bacteriuria and a urine culture with more than 50 000 CFU / ml. The main complications of a UTI include pyelonephritis, renal scarring, hypertension and chronic renal failure.


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