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Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2011, Number 4

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Otorrinolaringología 2011; 56 (4)

Ectopic thyroid. Experience of 15 years at the General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez

Becerril RPB, Ortega BJM, Calderón WÓ

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 162-169
PDF size: 363.63 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: The pathogenesis of ectopic thyroid tissue is the arrest of it in a different unusual location. Its incidence is 1 in 100,000. Less than 1% develops carcinoma.
Objective To describe the study workout and clinical presentation of patients with ectopic thyroid tissue.
Material and Method: In a retrospective study from 1994 to 2008, the medical charts of patients with diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue were reviewed. The study workout included clinical evaluation, CT or thyroid scintigraphy scan, thyroid function test and fine needle aspiration biopsy. They were classified according to their location, histology and treatment.
Results: We identified 7 female patients with ectopic thyroid tissue, located: 2 lingual, 4 in the midline (1 submental and 2 infrahyoid), and 1 lateral. In 71% of cases absence of thyroid tissue in normal position was found; in the only two cases with thyroid tissue the histological result was of carcinoma. In 43% of patients the treatment was medical, only with thyroid hormone. In a case lingual thyroid was removed due to persistence of obstructive symptoms after replacement treatment; in another case ectopic tissue of tiroglosus way was resected and then a total thyroidectomy was done to remove the papillary carcinoma; and a third case was referred for oncological treatment due to cervical metastasis of undifferentiated carcinoma at lingual thyroid.
Conclusions: Because of the variety of clinical presentation of ectopic thyroid tissue the clinical suspicion and diagnostic workup including scintgraphy are fundamental to avoid surgical procedures that can lead to resection of the only functional thyroid tissue.


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