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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2010, Number 3

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Rev Biomed 2010; 21 (3)

Cases of Yellow Fever in Portuguese, Venezuela: A Spurious Jungle Outbreak?

Muñoz-Rodríguez M, Arrivillaga J, Navarro Juan-Carlos

Language: Spanish
References: 48
Page: 163-177
PDF size: 947.20 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. In 2005, in a rural locality of Portuguesa State-Venezuela, was detected a small outbreak of Yellow Fever (YF) confirmed by virus isolation. These cases were associated to introduction of peasants into nearby rainforest where the virus have been circulating in an enzootic cycle. Nevertheless, this diagnosis is imprecise, because nowadays as consecuence of expansion of urban areas, the human contact with wild vectors and hosts has increased, like as the domestic vectors distribution. The situation above described, would suppose to reconsider which vectors are involved in the transmission of YF in a specific place, which is important for prevention and control strategies.
Objective. To realise a rapid survey the mosquito fauna potentially associated to be involved in a YF local outbreak, search its spatio-temporal distribution and to infer the possible role in the virus transmission.
Materials and Methods. Field samplings of adult mosquitoes temporal and spatially, were done, using CDC light-traps (light/CO2) 24h hours, also using mechanical aspirators in resting places and human bait. The larvae were collected in different natural and artificial breeding containers by mechanical suction. The species were identified by available keys and specimens museum comparison. The community structure was evaluated and compared using diversity and similarity indices.
Results. Overlaping occurrence in time and space ofHaemagogus and Sabethes species with Aedes aegypti in sites with major human activity (dwellings area) and also in the forest. These species shown anthropophilic biting pattern, which represent an important epidemiological risk.
Conclusions. The mosquito fauna found in the locality suggest the possibility of local transmission of YF both in dwellings and forest, without the requirement of human displacement to nearby forest as the classical sylvan YF transmission cycle, since there are not differentiation in the vector species composition involved in the transmission of YF between forest and houses zones. This fact reveals an ecological connectivity despite the fragmentation of natural habitat. Our results evidence that, in Santa Lucia, there are not spatial-temporal differentiation between a potential sylvan cycle and urban cycle.


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