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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2023, Number 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2023; 26 (1)

Diversity and structural complexity of the bacterial flagellum

Domenzain-Reyna C, Camarena L

Language: Spanish
References: 120
Page: 1-20
PDF size: 458.84 Kb.


ABSTRACT

This review explores the structure and biogenesis of bacterial flagella, highlighting their structural diversity in various bacterial models. It delves into how these structures, originating from a conserved structural flagellar nucleus (NEFC), have evolved to adapt to different functions and capabilities. This diversity plays a crucial role in each species’ ability to thrive in specific ecological niches. The bacterial flagellar motor is a complex apparatus comprising a rotor and a stator embedded in the cell envelope. Recent advancements have revealed the incorporation of new components that enhance its functionality. These components include additional rings or discs beyond those found in the NEFC. These additional elements cover or interact with the basal body and stator, resulting in greater efficiency and rotational speed by facilitating the recruitment of more stators or stabilizing their connection to the rotor. Furthermore, variations are observed in the hooks or filaments, with modified flagellins that possess unique enzymatic properties. The increasing number of bacterial models studied, coupled with advanced visualization techniques such as cryo-microscopy, has unveiled the remarkable diversity in flagellar architecture. This, in turn, has led to a paradigm shift in our understanding of the assembly and operation of the flagellar motor. In conclusion, the field of bacterial flagellum research is experiencing a period of rapid progress, driven by a growing body of evidence and the development of innovative visualization techniques. This progress enhances our understanding of this vital bacterial structure and its role in bacterial adaptation and function.


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