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2016, Número 2

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Med Crit 2016; 30 (2)


Glicocálix. Una estructura a considerar en el enfermo grave

Carrillo ER, Zepeda MAD, Flores ROI, Díaz GGA, González MIM, Araiza GD

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 49
Paginas: 130-136
Archivo PDF: 260.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las células endoteliales conforman el recubrimiento interno del corazón, vasos sanguíneos y linfáticos. La porción apical de las células endoteliales contiene glicocálix, una red compleja de macromoléculas, incluyendo proteínas de unión, proteoglicanos y glicoproteínas. Esta compleja red recubre las células endoteliales y sus hendiduras en su segmento luminal. El glicocálix tiene un papel fundamental en la fisiología microvascular y endotelial, en particular, en la regulación del tono microvascular y la permeabilidad endotelial, el mantenimiento de la presión oncótica a través de la barrera endotelial, la regulación de la adhesión y migración de leucocitos e inhibición de trombosis intravascular. Mediante estos mecanismos, el glicocálix contribuye a la regulación del flujo sanguíneo y asegura las funciones metabólicas y hemodinámicas locales de los órganos. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar los conceptos actuales relacionados con la función y disfunción del glicocálix y su impacto en el enfermo grave.


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