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Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

2013, Número 3

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Rev Invest Clin 2013; 65 (3)


Tuberculosis extensamente resistente a antibióticos (TB-XDR): terapias utilizadas con éxito en la clínica para curar la enfermedad

Llamas-González YY, Flores-Valdez MA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 255-262
Archivo PDF: 196.87 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las enfermedades ocasionadas por micobacterias constituyen sin duda un capítulo importante de la patología infecciosa en la historia de la humanidad, encontrándose desde sus albores. La tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecto-contagiosa causada por bacterias del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Como otros microorganismos, la base de su resistencia a antibióticos es la selección de bacterias mutantes con resistencia innata a las drogas antituberculosas existentes. Así, en virtud a este fenómeno adaptativo-evolutivo surge una subpoblación de Mycobacterium tuberculosis extremadamente resistentes al tratamiento antituberculoso. Los factores de riesgo más fuertemente asociados con la TB XDR son fracaso en la adherencia del régimen antituberculoso, diagnóstico inadecuado, entre otros. Reconocida hace menos de una década, llamó la atención por la complicación mayúscula de una escasa disponibilidad de fármacos capaces de eliminar este tipo de infección, situación que ha cambiado y que motiva a presentar en este trabajo cuáles han sido las alternativas exitosas para curar a pacientes de TB-XDR en diversos países del mundo. Con ello se pretende brindar a la comunidad médica de México información oportuna para atacar el problema en el país antes de que éste adquiera dimensiones que dificulten su control.


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