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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2013, Número 3

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Med Int Mex 2013; 29 (3)


Incidencia, impacto clínico-económico y clasificación de la desnutrición hospitalaria

Hurtado-Torres GF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 61
Paginas: 290-298
Archivo PDF: 190.45 Kb.


RESUMEN

La desnutrición hospitalaria es un problema de alta prevalencia en las instituciones de salud con consecuencias que repercuten en mayor morbilidad, disminución de la supervivencia, menor calidad de vida, aumento en la incidencia de discapacidad, incremento en los costos económicos de la atención médica, mayor estancia hospitalaria y demanda de recursos humanos y materiales.
Con frecuencia, la desnutrición hospitalaria se subdiagnostica y en raras ocasiones aparece como un diagnóstico explícito en el expediente clínico. De su correcta identificación y prevención dependerán las estrategias de atención médica nutricia que puedan ofrecerse al paciente y, por ende, la posibilidad de modificar el curso pronóstico y la evolución clínica al disminuir las complicaciones asociadas con la desnutrición.
La definición de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que ocasionan la desnutrición permite la correcta categorización de los tipos de desnutrición existentes: desnutrición asociada con ayuno o con procesos inflamatorios agudos o crónicos y, por ende, su adecuada prevención y tratamiento.


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