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2024, Número 1

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Rev Educ Bioquimica 2024; 43 (1)


El factor liberador de corticotropina, las urocortinas y sus receptores: sus acciones más allá del estrés, la depresión y la ansiedad

Cruz-Villarreal DE, De Jesus-Quiroz C, Hauger R, Olivares-Reyes JA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 69
Paginas: 8-24
Archivo PDF: 1019.63 Kb.


RESUMEN

El factor liberador de corticotropina (CRF) y las urocortinas (Ucns), cons-tituyen una familia de neuropéptidos con una función crítica en la regulación de la respuesta adaptativa al estrés, al modular la actividad del eje hipotalámico-pituitario-suprarrenal (HPA) en el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Las acciones de estos neuropéptidos se inician al unirse a receptores transmembranales denominados CRF tipo 1 (CRF1R) y tipo 2 (CRF2R), expre-sados en diferentes regiones del SNC y en tejidos periféricos. Además de regular al eje HPA, el CRF y las Ucns son importantes mediadores de pro-cesos fisiológicos y fisiopatológicos de los sistemas nervioso central, cardio-vascular, gastrointestinal, inmunológico, endocrino y reproductivo. Las alteraciones en las vías de señalización activadas por el CRF y las Ucns, no sólo se relacionan con el desarrollo de enfermedades asociadas al estrés, como la ansiedad y la depresión, sino también con la insuficiencia cardíaca, la hipertensión arterial, diversos desórdenes gastrointestinales, trastornos alérgicos e inflamatorios, además de obesidad y síndrome metabólico. En esta revisión se abordarán los mecanismos de acción y regulación del CRF, sus péptidos relacionados y sus receptores, así como su participación en la regulación de las respuestas al estrés y sus acciones en la periferia.


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