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2006, Number 1

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Rev Odont Mex 2006; 10 (1)

Involucrated factors in the proliferation and expansion of the periapical cyst

Leyva HER, Tapia VJL, Quezada RD, Ortíz RE

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 36-41
PDF size: 242.11 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The epithelial proliferation and bone resorption are some of the most important consequences of periapical cyst growth. Growth factors are important mediators of intercellular communication between connective tissues and epithelium. Information about the growth factors that are generated in periapical cyst may therefore assist in our understanding of the mechanisms of stimulation of epithelial proliferation and cyst formation. The principal mechanism of cyst expansion are: the epithelial proliferation, accumulation of cell content, hydrostatic growth, bone resorption factor and enzymatic activity. Among molecular process, we can find the union of epidermal growth factor to the cell membrane receptors, which induces a series of biochemic events such as, proteinkinase activation, fosforilation of regulative proteins, genetic transcription and protein synthesis. The enlargement of periapical cyst can also be attributed to an increase of intraluminal hydrostatic pressure that might exert a tension on the adjacent bone walls, several bone resorbing factors have been characterized including PGE2 y PGI2, leukotrienes and collagenases. The IL-1 is the most active cytokine that would act on cyst expansion through its effects on a wide spectrum of cellular functions, such as fibroblast proliferation, prostaglandin production by the cystic capsule and osteolysis. Other cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and tumoral necrosis factor – alfa (TNF-α) might be acting synergistically with IL-1 promoting, activating, and differentiating osteoclasts favouring the secretion of prostaglandins by many cell types including fibroblasts and osteoblasts.


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