medigraphic.com
ISSN 0185-3252 (Print)
Revista de la Asociación Médica del Centro Médico ABC

2019, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2019; 64 (3)

Paragangliomas

Villanueva-Castro E, Taylor-Martínez MA, Muñoz-Romero I, De Leo-Vargas R

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 202-208
PDF size: 192.90 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Paragangliomas are rare autonomic nervous system neuroendocrine tumors deriving from the group of neuroepithelial cells called paraganglion. They are intradural-extramedullary tumors and the most frequent spinal localization site is the cauda equina. Imaging diagnosis is difficult, paragangliomas are like ependymomas and histopathologically like neuroendocrine tumors. The histopathological study shows the definitive diagnosis, the immunohistochemical helps us for the differential diagnosis. Most of them are non-secretory tumors. Back pain is the most common symptom and is not associated with tachycardia, redness, or hypertension. The treatment of choice is the total surgical resection, and no additional treatment is needed when this one is achieved. Most of them are benign, but recurrence may occur in incomplete resections of the tumor. Metastasis occurs in very few cases and the most frequent site is the bone. Radiotherapy may be necessary in cases of incomplete removal or recurrence.


REFERENCES

  1. Ding Y, Feng Y, Wells M, Huang Z, Chen X. SDHx gene detection and clinical Phenotypic analysis of multiple paraganglioma in the head and neck. Laryngoscope. 2019; 129 (2): E67-E71.

  2. Ghedira K, Matar N, Bouali S, Zehani A, Jemel H. Acute paraplegia revealing a hemorrhagic cauda equina paragangliomas. Asian J Neurosurg. 2019; 14 (1): 245-248.

  3. Lerman RI, Kaplan ES, Daman L. Ganglioneuroma-paraganglioma of the intradural filum terminale. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1972; 36: 652-658.

  4. Miller CA, Torack RM. Secretory ependymoma of the filum terminale. Acta Neuropathol. 1970; 15 (3): 240-250.

  5. Gelabert-González M. Paragangliomas of the lumbar region. Report of two cases and review of the literature. J Neurosurg Spine. 2005; 2 (3): 354-365.

  6. Gempt J, Baldawa SS, Weirich G, Delbridge C, Hempel M, Lohse P et al. Recurrent multiple spinal paragangliomas as a manifestation of a metastatic composite paraganglioma-ganglioneuroblastoma. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2013; 155 (7): 1241-1242.

  7. Simsek M, Onen MR, Zerenler FG, Kir G, Naderi S. Lumbar intradural paragangliomas: report of two cases. Turk Neurosurg. 2015; 25 (1): 162-167.

  8. Corinaldesi R, Novegno F, Giovenali P, Lunardi T, Floris R, Lunardi P. Paraganglioma of the cauda equina region. Spine J. 2015; 15 (3): e1-8.

  9. Asad S, Peters-Willke J, Nott L. Malignant paraganglioma, a rare presentation with foot drop: a case report. J Spine Surg. 2015; 1 (1): 99-102.

  10. Vural M, Arslantas A, Isiksoy S, Adapinar B, Atasoy M, Soylemezoglu F. Gangliocytic paraganglioma of the cauda equina with significant calcification: First description in pediatric age. Zentralbl Neurochir. 2008; 69 (1): 47-50.

  11. Sonneland PRL, Scheithauer BW, Lechago J, Crawford BG, Onofrio BM. Paraganglioma de la cauda equina region. Cancer. 1986; 58: 1720-1735.

  12. Moran CA, Rush W, Mena H. Primary spinal paragangliomas: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 30 cases. Histopathology. 1997; 31 (2): 167-173.

  13. Reddy A, Morón F. Primary extradural paraganglioma of the thoracic spine: a case report. J Radiol Case Rep. 2017; 11 (12): 1-7.

  14. Nagarjun MN, Savardekar AR, Kishore K, Rao S, Pruthi N, Rao MB. Apoplectic presentation of a cauda equina paraganglioma. Surg Neurol Int. 2016; 7: 37.

  15. Orrell JM, Hales SA. Paragangliomas of the cauda equina have a distinctive cytokeratin immunophenotype. Histopathology. 1992; 21:479-481.

  16. Lv G, Lu L, Dai Z. Paragangliomas of the spine. Turk Neurosurg. 2017; 27 (3): 401-407.

  17. Baysal BE, Ferrell RE, Willett-Brozick JE, Lawrence EC, Myssiorek D, Bosch A et al. Mutations in SDHD, a mitocondrial complex II gene, in hereditary paraganglioma. Science. 2000; 287 (5454): 848-851.

  18. Murrone D, Romanelli B, Vella G, Ierardi A. Acute onset of paraganglioma of filum terminale: a case report and surgical treatment. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2017; 36:126-129.

  19. Formo M, Halvorsen CM, Dahlberg D, Brommeland T, Fredø H, Hald J et al. Minimally invasive microsurgical resection of primary, intradural spinal tumors is feasible and safe: a consecutive series of 83 patients. Neurosurgery. 2018; 82 (3): 365-371.

  20. Wang ZH, Wang YT, Cheng F, Hu Y. Pathological features of paraganglioma in the lumbar spinal canal: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97 (41): e12586.

  21. Yin M, Huan Q, Sun Z, He S, Xia Y, Mo W, et al. Clinical characteristics and surgical treatment of spinal paraganglioma: a case series of 18 patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2017; 158: 20-26.

  22. Kalani MA, Chang SD, Vu B. Paraganglioma of the filum terminale: case report pathology and review of the literature. Cureus. 2015; 7 (10): e354.

  23. Dillard-Cannon E, Atsina KB, Ghobrial G, Gnass E, Curtis MT, Heller J. Lumbar paraganglioma. J Clin Neurosci. 2016; 30: 149-151.

  24. Mishra T, Goel NA, Goel AH. Primary paraganglioma of the spine: a clinicopathological study of eight cases. J Craniovertebral Junction Spine. 2014; 5 (1): 20-24.

  25. Mathon B, Carpentier A, Clemenceau S, Boch A-L, Bitar A, Mokhtari K et al. Paragangliomes de la queue de cheval : à propos de six cas et revue de la littérature. Neurochirurgie. 2012; 58 (6): 341-345.

  26. Lu L, Dai Z, Zhong Y, Lv G. Cervical intradural paraganglioma presenting as progressive cervicodynia: Case report and literature review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2013; 115 (3): 359-361.

  27. Bush K, Bateman DE. Papilloedema secondary to a spinal paraganglioma. Pract Neurol. 2014; 14 (3): 179-181.

  28. Yang C, Li G, Fang J, Wu L, Yang T, Deng X, et al. Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of primary spinal paragangliomas. J Neurooncol. 2015; 122 (3): 539-547.

  29. Rickert CH, Probst-Cousin S, Schumacher HW GF. Paraganglioma of the cauda equina. Pathologe. 1997; 18 (6): 484-487.

  30. Sirohi D, Sengupta P, Kumar H, Rao PP. Gangliocytic paraganglioma: a rare presentation as intestinal intussusception. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010; 53 (4): 775-777.

  31. Burger PC, Scheithauer BW. Tumors of paraganglionic tissue: tumors of the central nervous system. In: Atlas of tumor pathology. Washington, DC, USA: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1994. pp. 317-320.

  32. Nakamura T, Ozawa T, Kitagawa M, Takehira Y, Yamada M, Yasumi K et al. Endoscopic resection of gangliocytic paraganglioma of the minor duodenal papilla: Case report and review. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002; 55 (2): 270-273.

  33. Srilatha PS, Rao L. Locally aggressive primary intraosseous paraganglioma of sacrum. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017; 11 (9): ED09-ED11.

  34. Labrousse F, Leboutet MJ, Petit B, Paraf F, Boncoeur- Martel MP, Moreau JJ et al. Cytokeratins expression in paragangliomas of the cauda equina. Clin Neuropathol. 1999; 18 (4): 208-213.

  35. Yokomoto-Umakoshi M, Umakoshi H, Tsuiki M, Ogasawara T, Hamanaka-Hiroshima K, Tanabe A et al. Paraganglioma as a risk factor for bone metastasis. Endocr J. 2018; 65 (3): 253-260.

  36. Hasan MY, Liu G. Minimally invasive dual iliac screw, dual rod fixation in a rare case of pathological sacral fracture from a paraganglionoma: a technique description. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017; 27 (3): 316-320.

  37. Kapetanakis S, Chourmouzi D, Gkasdaris G, Katsaridis V, Eleftheriadis E, Givissis P. Functional extra-adrenal paraganglioma of the retroperitoneum giving thoracolumbar spine metastases after a five-year disease-free follow-up: a rare malignant condition with challenging management. Pan Afr Med J. 2017; 28: 94.

  38. Jang Khan NA, Ullah S, Siddiqui HU, Karim A. Spinal Cord Compression by Metastatic Thoracic Spine Paraganglioma. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2016; 28 (3): 617-619.

  39. Liu S, Zhou X, Song A, Li WA, Rastogi R, Wang Y, et al. Successful treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma with sacrum metastases: a case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97 (35): e12184.

  40. Thomson N, Pacak K, Schmidt MH, Palmer CA, Salzman KL, Champine M et al. Leptomeningeal dissemination of a low-grade lumbar paraganglioma: case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2017; 26 (4): 501-506.

  41. Merhemic Z, Stosic-Opincal T, Thurnher MM. Neuroimaging of spinal tumors. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2016; 24 (3): 563-579.

  42. Türkkan A, Kuytu T, Bekar A, Yildirim S. Nuances to provide ideas for radiologic diagnosis in primary spinal paragangliomas: report of two cases. Br J Neurosurg. 2019; 33 (2): 210-212.

  43. Oh HS, Kim TW, Park KH. Spinal paraganglioma adherent to the cauda equina. Korean J Spine. 2014; 11 (4): 252-254.

  44. Hilmani S, Ngamasata T, Karkouri M, Elazahri A. Paraganglioma of the filum terminale mimicking neurinoma: case report. Surg Neurol Int. 2016; 7 (Suppl 5): S153-155.

  45. Midi A, Yener AN, Sav A, Cubuk R. Cauda equina paraganglioma with ependymoma-like histology: a case report. Turk Neurosurg. 2012; 22 (3): 353-359.

  46. Turk O, Yaldiz C, Antar V, Batur S, Demirel N, Atci B et al. Spinal paragangliomas: Surgical treatment and follow-up outcomes in eight cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97 (38): e12468.

  47. Dupin C, Lang P, Dessard-Diana B, Simon JM, Cuenca X, Mazeron JJ et al. Treatment of head and neck paragangliomas with external beam radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014; 89 (2): 353-359.

  48. Lesueur P, Calugaru V, Nauraye C, Stefan D, Cao K, Emery E et al. Proton therapy for treatment of intracranial benign tumors in adults: a systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2019; 72: 56-64.

  49. Strajina V, Dy BM, Farley DR, Richards ML, McKenzie TJ, Bible KC et al. Surgical treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: retrospective case series. Ann Surg Oncol. 2017; 24 (6): 1546-1550.

  50. Breen W, Bancos I, Young WF Jr, Bible KC, Laack NN, Foote RL et al. External beam radiation therapy for advanced/unresectable malignant paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2017; 3 (1): 25-29.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com