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ISSN 1561-3011 (Electronic)

2017, Number 4

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Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd 2017; 36 (4)

Nitric oxide and oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy

Hidalgo LME, López BMI, Novik AV, Sánchez PG, Herrera VL, Céspedes MEM

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 1-13
PDF size: 220.32 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Oxidative stress is involved in diabetes mellitus complications such as retinopathy. In hyperglycemic conditions an increase occurs in nitric oxide and superoxide anion levels, and irreversible damage is caused to biomolecules.
Objective: Analyze the levels of nitric oxide and oxidative stress indicators in type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy, a tool potentially effective for the control of these patients.
Methods: Evaluation was conducted of urine and plasma levels of nitrites, plasma nitrotyrosine and oxidative stress indicators in type 1 diabetic patients with and without retinopathy from the hospitals Gustavo Fricke, Naval and Van Buren, in Valparaíso.
Results: A difference was found in plasma nitrite levels between diabetics with and without retinopathy and the control group (117.95 ± 8.80 μmol/L; 77.98 ± 32.65 μmol/L; 58.72 ± 13.37 μmol/L, respectively; p< 0.0001). Plasma nitrotyrosine is lower in diabetics without retinopathy than in those with the complication (0.76 ± 1.93 vs. 2.20 ± 2.44 μmol/L; p= 0.0008) and it is almost imperceptible in the control group (0.02 ± 0.00 μmol/L). Patients with retinopathy had lower superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and higher lipid peroxidation.
Conclusions: Results suggest a relationship between nitric oxide formation and inactivation and oxidative stress, and diabetic retinopathy and probably the pathogenesis of this complication.


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