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Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2017, Number 3

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Otorrinolaringología 2017; 62 (3)

Clinical and histological factors impacting on prognosis of patients with oral cavity cancer

Gallegos-Hernández JF

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 197-208
PDF size: 351.44 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Epidermoid carcinoma is the most common within the oral cavity, the tongue is the anatomical site usually affected. Nowadays, epidermoid carcinoma has the sixth place of all neoplasias, its prevalence has increased worldwide and its epidemiologic distribution shows a changeable trend (important increase in women younger than 40 years old). Risk factors are tobacco and alcohol consumption and the association between them; human papilloma virus has also been recently related with this neoplasia as an ethiological agent and prognostic marker. Survival depends on prognostic factors; i.e. variables that affect patient’s evolution and which determine the kind of treatment to be followed. They could be from the patient itself or from the tumor. There is not a single determinant factor but all of them together define a patient’s risk of death due to this neoplasia. Patients-related factors are: age, socio-economic status, tumor original site, quantity of tobacco and alcohol consumption as well as after treatment addiction, and gender. Tumor-associated factors are: stage (TNM), tumor width, oncotype (epidermoid carcinoma histological variety), surgical resection margins, ultrastructural and molecular features of neoplasia (p53 mutation, epidermal growth factor expression and papilloma virus infection). Thus, surgery becomes an essential element that determines adjuvant therapy to be followed, with three risk groups: intermediate, high and very high.


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