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2017, Number 2

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Investigación en Discapacidad 2017; 6 (2)

Therapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis: towards biotechnological therapies

Cisneros CÁF, Felgueres PMJ, Vela JE, Gómez MD

Language: Spanish
References: 116
Page: 69-87
PDF size: 502.00 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multigenic autoimmune disease characterized by the chronic inflammation of the joints due to the hyperplasia of the synovium. This process creates a conglomerate of immune cells capable of secreting proinflammatory cytokines that contribute to the surrounding bone and cartilage destruction. Patients who suffer from this disease develop symptoms such as constant pain, functional disability, fatigue, and depression. Specifically, RA affects the synovial joints (also called diarthrodial joints), which connect bones with a large range of movement. Since it is one of the main causes of incapacitation for carrying out daily tasks, RA represents, as a consequence, a severe public health problem. It has a worldwide prevalence between 0.3 and 1% and affects mainly the productive age group. Up to this day, there is still no cure for RA, and current treatments are partially effective in slowing down the disease’s progression and alleviating the symptoms. This review article summarizes the RA’s physiopathology, particularly focusing on pro-inflammatory cytokines responsible for the disease’s onset and prognosis, as they have been used as a common therapeutic target in RA. Furthermore, this review also describes the latest biotechnological therapeutic approaches, focusing on both the research and development of genetic and biological therapies, being antibodies the most important, in order to go further beyond the palliative care and straight into more efficient anti-RA treatment.


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