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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2016, Number 5

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2016; 17 (5)

Biological systems involved in the post traumatic stress disorder

Dzib-Goodin A, Jiménez EK, Estévez R, Sanders L

Language: Spanish
References: 62
Page: 83-97
PDF size: 273.59 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Stress is a physiological state that prepares organisms to respond defensively. It is necessary for cognitive process as learning and memory; however, extreme events, can lead to the formation of traumatic memories that are harmful to the body and create psychiatric disorders. Such is the case of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can induce a profound social dysfunction result of fear responses that mimic the original trauma exposure. People with PTSD may experience sleep disorders, they are easily frightened and have problems with concentration and memory, which begins to manifest after the person has experienced a traumatic event such as torture, rape, kidnapping, robbery with gun, violent death of a family member, or the onslaught of natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes, concomitant with long-term factors such as family violence, school, or extreme poverty, manifested in a dysregulation of the hypothalamic –Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA) in response to glucocorticoids. This article analyses biological systems at the molecular, neural, genetic and epigenetic levels capable to ignite the PTSD, looking for biomarkers to endocrine disorder prevention, but, the mechanisms are unclear, since it’s possible to find people exposed to trauma that do not generate the disorder, however unknown whether epigenetic regulation explains the activity of the HPA axis, as there are individual differences in the GR number and mechanism genetic resources which influence the risk of disorder. It arises from intergenerational epigenetic, which analyses the awareness of the physiological response to stress in the offspring of highly traumatized individuals due to immune activation by the mother.


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