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2016, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Pediatr 2016; 88 (1)

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of major congenital defects in neonatology service

Rivera AL, Lantigua CPA, Díaz ÁM, Calixto RY

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 21-33
PDF size: 134.17 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: congenital anomalies remain one of the first causes of infant death in Cuba.
Objectives: to find out some clinical and epidemiological aspects of patients with major congenital defects admitted to the open neonatology service.
Methods: retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study including the patients discharged with some type of major congenital defect diagnosis and seen at the neonatology service of “Juan Manuel Marquez” university pediatric hospital from 1997 to 2013. Several demographic and clinical variables were studied. The frequency of occurrence of major congenital defects in the course of time was statistically analyzed. Various variables were compared for the main major congenital defects.
Results: two hundred and sixty seven patients were studied in whom males (63.2%) and low birthweight infants (12.3% with less than 2 500g) predominated. The frequency of major congenital defects did not experience statistically significant changes in the course of time. The most affected system was the central nervous system with 109 patients (41%). The patients with congenital defects in their central nervous system were mainly admitted to the hospital in the first 24 hours of life (79.8%) whereas those with digestive anomalies and cardiovascular system disorders were mostly hospitalized after their second week of age. There were 23 deaths (8.6%) and the highest number went to cardiovascular system defects with 11 neonates.
Conclusions: morbidity from major congenital defects continues affecting the infant population. The congenital cardiopathies account for a significant part of the deaths in newborns with major congenital defects.


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