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2014, Number 3

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Investigación en Discapacidad 2014; 3 (3)

Electroencephalographic evolution in a patient with severe brain post-trauma sequelae

Brust-Carmona H, Galicia-Alvarado M, Mascher D, Sánchez-Quezada A, Alfaro-Belmont J, Pacheco MR, Yáńez O

Language: Spanish
References: 33
Page: 132-146
PDF size: 528.58 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cortical electrical oscillations result from potential variations of glioneuronal assemblies. In patients with sequelae of grey matter lesions, the absolute power (AP) of oscillations diminishes, and white matter lesions diminish local and distant modulation. Such sequelae are represented by modifications in the power spectrum, with low intensity and disorganization of the different frequencies and, hence, a diminution in passive and dynamic body posture, as well as in sensorial and cognitive processes. Method: Descriptive, longitudinal study of five successive EEGs from a patient with a cerebral penetrating firearm injury in the left hemisphere (LH). We analyzed the EEG evolution along 7.5 months, starting four years after the trauma. The EEG was recorded with a Nicolet-One, placing the electrodes at the 10/20 distribution, impedance below 10 kΩ. The Fourier transform was applied to bipolar recordings of longitudinal lateral and parasagittal mountings. Results: In the five recordings, average AP (AAP) of delta and theta were higher in the LH and remained at higher intensity than in the right hemisphere (RH). AAP of alpha and beta were higher in the RH and increased with time, particularly for alpha. The delta/alpha index was higher in the LH than in the RH. The patient regained his static and dynamic posture and improved in daily activities as well as in some cognitive processes. Conclusion: Neuroplasticity processes, by restoring functional connections, reestablish gradually the syntonization of neuronal assemblies as measured by the diminution in the peaks of the spectrum and the increase in the AP of given frequencies, particularly of alpha.


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