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2011, Number 2

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Rev Cub Gen 2011; 5 (2)

Genetics and Intellectual Disability. A review

Licea RMA, Taboada LN, Lardoeyt FR, Lardoeyt FM

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 14-19
PDF size: 291.54 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Mental retardation is a group of cognitive disorders with a significant worldwide prevalence rate being highly heterogeneous and complex. Genetic causes can be classified as chromosomal abnormalities, single gene disorders, or multifactorial. The genetic study of this disability is one of the most complex fields of medical genetics due to its high clinical and genetic heterogeneity, to the great complexity of the genetic basis, and the small number of individuals with the same etiology, although the overall incidence of mental retardation is high. While the diseases associated with mental retardation are diverse, a significant number are linked with disruptions in epigenetic mechanisms. The goal of this review is to give an updated view of the genetic causes of mental retardation.


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