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ISSN 1561-3186 (Electronic)

2013, Number 1

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Rev Acta Médica 2013; 14 (1)

Evaluation of the nutritional status in critically ill patients

León POL, Molina RY, Gutiérrez RÁR, Larrondo MH

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page:
PDF size: 173.78 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: the frequency of malnutrition in Intensive Care Units is high and fluctuates between the 30-50 % of admissions. To know about this status it is necessary to apply a set of variables in which four indicators are used with diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring aims: dietetic, anthropometric, biochemical and immunological indicators.
Objective: to evaluate the nutritional status in critically ill patients during the 48 hours of admission to the ward.
Methods: the variables studied were: age, sex, hospital stay, discharge status, need of mechanical ventilation, origin, circumpherence of the arm and the calf, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol and creatinine levels and total lymphocyte count. For statistical analysis, absolute and relative values were obtained which were expressed in percentages, arithmetic mean and mean standard deviation. The Chi-square test was applied (p = 5%).
Results: the mortality rate of the sample was high and was related to the type of patients who are admitted; a high percentage of them required the use of mechanical ventilation. Hypoalbuminemia, hypocholesterolemia and lymphopenia were found in a significant number of patients as biochemical variables, whereas the anthroprometric variable that referred to the circumpherence of the calf was the most representative for the evaluation of the critical nutritional status. No association was found among the nutritional variables and the discharge status of the patients.
Conclusions: the most useful variables for evaluating the nutritional status in the critically ill patient were the leg circumference, albumin levels, nitrogen excretion, cholesterol levels and total lymphocyte count. No association among them and discharge status of the patients was found.


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