Jiménez-Genchi A

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 183-190
PDF size: 158.07 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Currently, little is known regarding insomnia epidemiology in Mexico.
Objective: To determine the frequency of insomnia subtypes according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD), as well as that of the clinical characteristics of insomnia in a sample of insomniacs under evaluation at private practices in Mexico.
Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in ambulatory patients from 699 private practices in Mexico. All patients were ›18 years and seek out medical advice for insomnia. Registered data included demographic and clinical characteristics of insomnia and the diagnosis according to the ICSD. The Athens Insomnia Scale was used as a measure of severity.
Results: A total of 16,521 patients were included. Mean age 48.5 ± 16.4 years (61.2% women). A 47.6% had chronic insomnia, 35.6% subacute insomnia and 16.8% transient insomnia. Regarding the frequency of insomnia, 49.7% had insomnia 3-4 nights per week (NPW), 32.5%, 5-7 NPW and only 17.8% 1-2 NPW. A higher frequency of initial and terminal insomnia was observed among elderly patients, whilst younger subjects reported non-restoring sleep. The most frequent diagnosis was insomnia due to mental disorder followed by psychophysiologic insomnia.
Conclusions: In this study, near 80% of the patients studied suffer from chronic and highly frequent insomnia. The most affected populations are the elderly and those with medical/psychiatric disorders.

REFERENCES

1. Billiard M, Bentley A. Is insomnia best categorized as a symptom or a disease? Sleep Med 2004; 5(Suppl. 1): S35-40.

2. Krystal AD. The effect of insomnia definitions, terminology, and classifications on clinical practice. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: S258-63.

3. American Psychiatric Association, American Psychiatric Association. Task Force on DSM-IV. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : Dsm-iv. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.

4. World Health Organization. The icd-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders : Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1992.

5. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The international classification of sleep disorders : Diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, Ill: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2005.

6. Edinger JD, Bonnet MH, Bootzin RR, Doghramji K, Dorsey CM, Espie CA, et al. Derivation of research diagnostic criteria for insomnia: Report of an American Academy of Sleep Medicine Work Group. Sleep 2004; 27: 1567-96.

7. Téllez-López A, Guerrero-Sánchez ME, Gutierrez-Torres F, Niño- Ramírez P, Silva-Olivares MV. Hábitos y trastornos del dormir en residentes del área metropolitana de Monterrey. Salud Mental 1995; 18: 14-22.

8. Bouscoulet LT, Vazquez-Garcia JC, Muino A, Marquez M, Lopez MV, de Oca MM, et al. Prevalence of sleep related symptoms in four Latin American cities. J Clin Sleep Med 2008; 4: 579-85.

9. Soldatos CR, Dikeos DG, Paparrigopoulos TJ. Athens insomnia scale: Validation of an instrument based on ICD-10 criteria. J Psychosom Res 2000; 48: 555-60.

10. Gomez-Benito J, Ruiz C, Guilera G. A spanish version of the athens insomnia scale. Qual Life Res 2011; 20: 931-7.

11. Nenclares-Portocarrero A, Jiménez-Genchi A. Estudio de validación de la traducción al español de la escala Atenas de insomnio. Salud Mental 2005; 28: 34-9.

12. Edinger JD, Fins AI, Goeke JM, McMillan DK, Gersh TL, Krystal AD, et al. The empirical identification of insomnia subtypes: A cluster analytic approach. Sleep 1996; 19: 398-411.

13. Edinger JD. Classifying insomnia in a clinically useful way. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65(Suppl. 8): 36-43.

14. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Kupfer DJ, Thorpy MJ, Bixler E, Manfredi R, et al. Clinical diagnoses in 216 insomnia patients using the international classification of sleep disorders (icsd), dsm-iv and icd-10 categories: A report from the apa/nimh dsm-iv field trial. Sleep 1994; 17: 630-7.

15. Nowell PD, Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, 3rd, Hauri PJ, Roth T, Stepanski EJ, et al. Clinical factors contributing to the differential diagnosis of primary insomnia and insomnia related to mental disorders. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154: 1412-6.

16. Leger D, Poursain B. An international survey of insomnia: Underrecognition and under-treatment of a polysymptomatic condition. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21: 1785-92.

17. Roth T. Diagnosis and management of insomnia. Clin Cornerstone 2000; 2: 28-38.

18. Foley DJ, Monjan AA, Brown SL, Simonsick EM, Wallace RB, Blazer DG. Sleep complaints among elderly persons: An epidemiologic study of three communities. Sleep 1995; 18: 425-32.

19. Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Uhlenhuth EH. Insomnia and its treatment. Prevalence and correlates. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 225-32.

20. Tomás-Vila M, Miralles-Torres A, Beseler-Soto B, Revert-Gomar M, Sala-Langa MJ, Uribelarrea-Sierra AI. [The relationship between headache and sleep disorders: findings from an epidemiological study in a population of Spanish school-age children]. Rev Neurol 2009; 48: 412-7.

21. Sierra JC, Guillén-Serrano V, Santos-Iglesias P. [Insomnia Severity Index: some indicators about its reliability and validity on an older adults sample]. Rev Neurol 2008; 47: 566-70.

22. Yoshioka E, Saijo Y, Kita T, Satoh H, Kawaharada M, Kishi R. Effect of the interaction between employment level and psychosocial work environment on insomnia in male japanese public service workers. Int J Behav Med. 2012: Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print]

23. Means MK, Edinger JD, Glenn DM, Fins AI. Accuracy of sleep perceptions among insomnia sufferers and normal sleepers. Sleep Med 2003; 4: 285-96.

24. Salin-Pascual RJ, Roehrs TA, Merlotti LA, Zorick F, Roth T. Long-term study of the sleep of insomnia patients with sleep state misperception and other insomnia patients. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149: 904-8.

25. Passarella S, Duong MT. Diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2008; 65: 927-34.