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Órgano Oficial de la Sociedad Mexicana de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular

2012, Number 1

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Rev Mex Angiol 2012; 40 (1)

Factores de riesgo para trombosis en pacientes hospitalizados. ¿Qué pacientes deben manejarse con profilaxis anticoagulante?

Torres-Salgado NA, Torres-Salgado A

Language: Spanish
References: 55
Page: 14-25
PDF size: 154.00 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: The arterial and venous thrombosis in limbs that occurs in hospitalized patients if they are not detected in time can with high frequency can evolve to fatal damage of a irreversible arterial insufficiency or venous gangrene, mostly to not have administered prophylactic anticoagulation in hospitalized patients with high risk, to install trombo-prophylaxis will diminish the mortality in these patients.
Material and methods: The study was conducted retrospective, descriptive and longitudinal study of 98 patients who entered to the Area of Hospitalization of Irapuato’s General Hospital (HGI), Guanajuato, México, from June 2007 and who later admission there were detected a symptoms added of arterial or venous thrombosis of extremities, requiring interconsultation for Angiology and Vascular Surgery, they continued their evolution for 3 years after their diagnosis. Patients that were detected during their stay of thrombophilia, diseases mieloproliferatives or cancer they were sent to the Regional Leon’s Hospital (HRL) to continue their treatment.
Results: They were a total of 98 patients 60 of the female (61.22%) and 38 of the male (38.77%), average age of 54 years, were detected to them a total of 102 cases during their hospitable stay, of arterial thromboses 18 (17.64%) and venous 84 (82.35%), anatomical were located of the left side 60 (58.82%) and of the right side 42 (41.17%) being finally the venous thromboses left iliofemorals the most frequent 25 cases (24.5%) involved surgically of thrombectomies arterial 17 (16.66 %) and venous 13 (12.74%) for phlegmasia alba dolens, the disease that secondarily presented mainly thrombosis was the cancer 27 patients (27.55%), the risk factor most prevalent was prolonged immobilization › 7 days in 24 (24.48%) cases. The diagnosis of thrombosis Dupplex-color was confirmed in 100 % by Doppler, the percentage of pulmonary embolism (PE) that presented in 8 % (8.16%) patients. The tumor markers detected 11 (11.22%) hidden cancers in the hospitalized patients, it was confirmed thrombophilia in 9 (9.18%) patients; 57 patients (58.16%) had 3 or more factors of risk to present thrombosis, but we verify that only to 33 (33.67%) of 98 patients type of anticoagulation were given to them when they were hospitalized. Finally 8 patients (8.16%) died secondary of hospital acquired thrombosis.
Conclusions: The thrombosis continue being the main cause of unexpected deaths in the hospitalized patients, because its signs and symptoms may go unnoticed primarily when the main factor was not the initial reason of request to the admission areas of hospitalization, to administer thrombo-prophylaxis anticoagulant in all the patients with 3 or more factors decrease the fatals events.


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