Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy ML, Fernández-Mejía C

Language: Spanish
References: 175
Page: 428-446
PDF size: 219.94 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Insulin secretion by the pancreatic β cell is critical to maintain glucose homeostasis. This secretion is impaired in type 1 diabetes, by β cell autoimmune destruction, in type 2 diabetes, by multifactorial failures still not well determined, and in monogenic diabetes (MODY), by mutations in specific genes. During the last few years, several β cell-specific transcription factors that regulate insulin synthesis and secretion in response to glucose have been discovered. Knockout mice studies for these genes and MODY diabetes demonstrate their importance for normal development and function of the β cell. These factors are regulated not only in their expression by other genes, but also in their activity by other proteins and by post-translational modifications, therefore participating in physiologically important signaling pathways of the β cell. The study of transcription factors is crucial for understanding the normal function of the β cell, essential knowledge in developing new strategies for fighting diabetes.

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