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Anales de Otorrinolaringología Mexicana

2012, Number 3

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Otorrinolaringología 2012; 57 (3)

Results of pediatric hipoacusia screening at Castellon province

Pont CE, Aldasoro MJ, Meliá CB,Molina MS, Lucas RA, Gozalbo NJM

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 163-168
PDF size: 101.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Childhood hearing loss is an important health problem given its serious and irreversible consequences in child’s social and cognitive development, which explains the establishment in 2001 of a Neonatal Hearing Screening Program in the Valencian Community, being the General Hospital of Castellon a reference centre in the Province. From 2007, coinciding with Hospital Mission Statement, we established the universal screening.
Objective: To analyze the results obtained in the province of Castellon in the nine years of the Early Detection Program Hearing loss and test the effectiveness of the Universal Screening Program, for which their results were compared with those obtained in previous screening program in which only infants with risk factors were studied (Not Universal Program).
Patients and method: A retrospective study on the early detection of hearing loss in newborn children has been carried out, in order to analyze the results obtained during the ten working years of the program.
Results: Both the risk factor incidence and the diagnosed neurosensory hearing loss have increased from 11/1,000 and 0.29/1,000 to 33/1,000 and 2/1,000 respectively. Ototoxic medication and a weight under 1,500 g are the most common risk factors in both screening tests, while hyperbilirubinemia is currently a rare factor (1.8%). Finally 16.6% of patients without established risk factor did not exceed otoacoustic emissions (OEA) and were diagnosed with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in auditory potentials made.
Conclusions: After comparing the results of both phases of screening the efficacy of Universal Detection Program was proved. The establishment of the Universal program has allowed a greater sensitivity when diagnosing newborns suffering from hearing loss and needing treatment such as hearing prosthesis or cochlear implant, considering 16.6% of failed OEAs present neurosensory hearing loss.


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