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Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Mexicana de Urología

2012, Number 4

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Rev Mex Urol 2012; 72 (4)

Androgen blockade in prostate cancer: a literature review

Arroyo-Kuribreña JC, Soto-Vega E, Muñoz-Pérez M, Contreras JM, Varela-Cabrera JA

Language: Spanish
References: 132
Page: 182-196
PDF size: 383.48 Kb.


ABSTRACT

There is a high prevalence of prostate cancer in Mexico as well as worldwide, mainly affecting older males. Thanks to prostate specific antigen measurements and physical examination, this cancer is being diagnosed at earlier stages in which curative treatments can be offered. However, patients with advanced stage disease are subject to palliative therapy, the aim of which is to diminish disease symptoms and progression. Androgen blockade, whether surgical or pharmacologic, is the cornerstone of this therapeutic intervention and is used according to different modalities and regimens. Pharmacologic androgen blockade involves a wide variety of drugs that have different action mechanisms that include: estrogenic compounds, antiandrogens (steroidal and nonsteroidal), LHRH agonists, LHRH antagonists, and steroidogenesis inhibitors. These pharmacologic groups have advantages and disadvantages in relation to their response, effectiveness, adverse effects, and cost, which will be discussed in this paper. Therefore it is important that prostate cancer treatment be individualized according to each patient’s needs. The ongoing research in this area has led to the development of other therapeutic alternatives (immunotherapy and chemotherapy) and new therapeutic targets in the treatment of prostate cancer.


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