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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2012, Number 01

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2012; 80 (01)

Prevention of perinatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus

Villagrana ZJR, Plazola CN, Valdés RM, Segura CE, Mancilla RJ

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 36-40
PDF size: 322.26 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a prioriíy health problem. considering that the cases reported by census in 2011 in México (6783 on average diagnosed in the last 5 years) remains high and the risk perinatal transmission is inevitable without early diagnosis and treatment in the mother.
Objective: To prevent perinatal transmission. diagnosing HIV infection in pregnant women using a rapid oral test.
Patients and methods: All pregnant women attending the prenatal care of the National Instituíe of Perinatology “Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes” who accepted and signed the consent. underwent rapid ora! test for antibodies for diagnosis of HIV 1 and 2 The reported sensitivity and specificity is 99% and 98% respectively.
Results: A total of 14 181 patients were analyzed in September 2007 to Ju!y 2011: five were positive. no known infected. all tests were subjected to ELISA and confirmed with Western blot All patients were initiated antiretroviral therapy. the resolution of pregnancy was indicated by caesarean section and replacement of breastfeeding by formula Perinatal transmission was 0%
Conclusions: Early diagnosis could be performed with oral rapid tests. In all cases was confirmed by Western blot. Were prescribed antiretroviral therapy with lopinavir/ritonavir plus zidovudina lamivudina prevention of perinatal transmission was 100% .The generalization of the test in antenatal clinics is able to reduce significantly the impact on morbidity mortalíty and costs that these entail. Knowledge of a patient infected with HIV, represents security for the medical and paramedical personnel involved in the management of these patients.


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