medigraphic.com
ISSN 0016-3813 (Print)

2012, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Gac Med Mex 2012; 148 (1)

Factores de riesgo asociados a retinopatía del prematuro

Zamorano JCAJ, Salgado VM, Velásquez VB

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 19-25
PDF size: 82.53 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives: To determine the most important risk factors for the incidence of retinopathy in premature infants. Material and methods: A retrospective study, controls and cases of newborn infants (≤ 32 weeks of gestation and birth weight ≤ 1,500) with diagnosis of retinopathy in the newborn intensive care unit were performed. Results: Sixty cases of premature infants, with some grade of retinopathy, were found: 30 of which were male and 27 female. Three cases were excluded because of congenital problems. The two mainly involved risk factors in the retinopathy of neonates are gestational age (≤ 28 weeks; p ≤ 0.001; OR: 18.62; IC 95%: 7.36-47.09), and birth weight ≤ 1,000 g (p ‹ 0.001; OR: 13.55; IC 95%: 5.59-32.84). Other risk factors found were: hyaline membrane disease (HMD), late sepsis, frequent desaturations in newborns up to the second week of life related to apnea, surfactant and postnatal steroids administration, as well as more than 5 blood transfusions, or stay at hospital longer than 45 days. Conclusion: The two main risk factors in the onset of retinopathy in premature infants are gestational age and birth weight.


REFERENCES

  1. Flynn JT, O’Grady GE, Herrera J, Jusliner BJ, Cantotina S, Milain W. Retrolental fibroplasia 1. Clinical observations. Arch Ophthalmol. 1977;95:217-23.

  2. Gibson DL, Sheps SB, Uh SH, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity induced blindness: birth weight specific survival and the new epidemic. Pediatrics. 1990;86:405-12.

  3. Terry TL. Extreme prematurity and fibroblastic overgrowth of persistent vascular sheath behind each crystalline lens. Am J Ophthalmol. 1942;25:203-6.

  4. American Academy of Pediatrics. Section on Ophthalmology: Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatrics. 2001;108:809-11.

  5. Shah VA, Yeo CL, Ling YLF, Ho LY. Incidence, risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among very low birth weight infants in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2005;34:169-78.

  6. Lappi M. Retinopathy of prematurity in southern Finland. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl. 1993;210:56-8.

  7. Chaudhari S, Patwardhan V, Vahadilla U, Kadam S, Kamat A. Retinopathy of prematurity in a Tertiary Care Center – Incidence, risk factors and outcome. Indian Pediatrics. 2009;46:219-24.

  8. Darlow BA, Horwood LJ, Clemett RS. Retinopathy of prematurity risk factors in a prospective population-based study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1992;6:62-80.

  9. Kim TI, Sohn J, Pi SY, Yonn YH. Posnatal risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity. Paediatr Perinatol Epidemiol. 2004;18:130-4.

  10. Smith J, Spurrier N, Goggin M. Retinopathy of prematurity in South Australian neonatal intensive care unit. Aust N Z Ophthalmol. 1995;23:49-54.

  11. Haugen OH, Markestad T. Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the western part of Norway. A population-based retrospective study. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1997;75:305-7.

  12. Lad EM, Nguyen TC, Morton JM, Moshfeghi DM. Retinopathy of prematurity in the United States. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008;92:320-5.

  13. Reynolds JD, Dobson V, Quinn GE, et al.; CRYO-ROP and LIGHT-ROP Cooperative Study Groups. Evidence-based screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity: natural history data from the CRYO-ROP and LIGHT-ROP studies. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002;120:1470-6.

  14. Schaffer DB, Palmer EA, Plotsky DF, et al. Prognostic factors in the natural course of retinopathy of prematurity. Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group – Multicentre trial for retinopathy of prematurity. Ophthalmology. 1993;100:230-7.

  15. Hammer ME, Mullen PW, Ferguson JG, Pai S, Cosby C, Jackson KL. Logistic analysis of risk factors in acute retinopathy of prematurity. Am J Ophthalmol. 1986;102:1-6.

  16. Maheshwari R, Kumar H, Paul VK, Singh M, Deorari AK, Tiwari HK. Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care newborn unit in New Delhi. Natl Med J India. 1996;9:211-4.

  17. Rekha S, Battue RR. Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence and risk factors. Indian Pediatrics. 1996;33:999-1003.

  18. Higgins RD, Mendelsohn AL, DeFeo MJ, Ucsel R, Hendricks-Munoz KD. Antenatal dexamethasone and decreased severity of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116:601-5.

  19. Smith LM, Qureshi N, Chao CR. Effects of single and multiple courses of antenatal glucocorticoids in preterm newborns less than 30 weeks’ gestation. J Matern Fetal Med. 2000;9:131-5.

  20. Banks BA, Cnaan A, Morgan MA, et al. Multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids and outcome of premature neonates. North American Thyrotropin- Releasing Hormone Study Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999;181:709-17.

  21. Holliday HL, Ehrenkranz RA. Early postnatal (< 96 hours) corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;CD001146.

  22. Holliday HL, Ehrenkranz RA. Moderately early (7-14 days) postnatal corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;CD001144.

  23. Holliday HL, Ehrenkranz RA. Delayed (> 3 weeks) postnatal corticosteroids for chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;CD001145.

  24. Saugstad OD. Oxidative stress in the newborn – A 30-year perspective. Biol Neonate. 2005;88:228-36.

  25. Saugstad OD. Oxygen and retinopathy of prematurity. J Perinatology. 2006;26(Suppl):46-50.

  26. Flynn JT, Bancalari E, Bawol R, et al. Retinopathy of prematurity. A randomized, prospective trial of transcutaneous oxygen monitoring. Ophthalmology. 1987;94:630-8.

  27. Bancalari AM, González RR, Vásquez CC, Pradenas KI. Retinopatía del prematuro: incidencia y factores asociados. Rev Child Pediatr. 2000;71(2):51-61.

  28. Tin W, Milligan DWA, Pennefather P, Hey E. Pulse oximetry, severe retinopathy, and outcome at one year in babies of less than 28 weeks gestation. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2001;84:F106-10.

  29. Seiberth V, Linderkamp O. Risk factors in retinopathy of prematurity. A multivariate statistical analysis. Ophthalmologica. 2000;214:131-5.

  30. Pennefather PM, Tin W, Clarke MP, Fritz S, Strong NP. Retinopathy of prematurity in a controlled trial of prophylactic surfactant treatment. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80:420-4.

  31. Termote J, Schalij-Delfos NE, Brouwers HA, Donders AR, Cats BP. New developments in neonatology: less severe retinopathy of prematurity? J Pediatric Ophthalmol & Strabismus. 2000;37:142-8.

  32. Repka MX, Hardy RJ, Phelps DL, Summers CG. Surfactant prophylaxis and retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 1993;111:618-20.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com