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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2011, Number 4

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Med Int Mex 2011; 27 (4)

Intrahospitalary hypernatremia. A quality indicator of medical care?

Blas SV, Blas MJ

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page: 349-355
PDF size: 250.42 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Hypernatremia defined as a rise in the serum sodium concentration to value exceeding 145 mmol per liter. The main cause of hypernatremia is the loss of fluid containing low sodium concentration and replacement with fluid containing high sodium concentration. Neurologic signs and symptoms are more common in adults. Hypernatremia initially causes fluid movement out of the brain there is rapid uptake of electrolytes that minimizes the decrease in brain volume, this is followed by a slower adaptive phase within l to 3 days. The rate of correction most be addressed when plasma sodium concentration is correct, since rapidly lowering the plasma sodium concentration causes osmotic water movement into the brain, cerebral edema, can then lead to seizures, permanent neurologic damage or death. Hypernatremia is common in hospitalized patients as an iatrogenic condition and is associated with increased risk of hospital mortality.


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