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Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado

2009, Number 4

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Rev Esp Med Quir 2009; 14 (4)

Obesity: importance and medical-social repercussion

Luckie DA, Cortés VF, Ibarra MS

Language: Spanish
References: 52
Page: 191-201
PDF size: 239.43 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The obesity is one of the most important healthy problems in the world. It is the biggest pandemic of the twenty first century. In the past, it was considered a sign of the beautiful and healthy life, currently the obesity is associated with big health problems. The statistics in United States reported more than 97 millions of obese adults, the 54% of the total population, and the obesity in infants is approximately of 13%. In Mexico, more than 70% of adults have obesity or overweight. And the infantile obesity has been increased to the first in the world. The etiology has included genetic factors. Many genes have been found associated with obesity such as the leptine gene and his receptor. Other factors associated are environment factors, food habits and physical activity. The obesity has relationship with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, risk factors of metabolic syndrome. To diagnose obesity it is necessary to calculate the body mass index (BMI) according to the Mexican Official Norm (NOM) to the management of the obesity, BMI from18 to 24.9 is considered normal. From 25 to 27 is considered overweight, and more than 27 is considered obesity. The obesity treatment includes four essential bases: modification in the food habits, increase the physical activity, management the psychological aspects and detection and treatment of the diseases associated with the obesity. When the obesity is extreme it is necessary to use obesity drugs such as sibutramine or orlistat and the bariatric surgery.


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