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Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado

2010, Number 3

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Rev Esp Med Quir 2010; 15 (3)

Melanoma in Mexico

Herrera GNE, Aco FAY

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 161-164
PDF size: 110.87 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The malignant melanoma is the most lethal of all skin cancers, due to its great capacity to produce metastasis and its high chemoresistance. In Mexico there is an evident increase of this neoplasia, with a growth of almost 500% in the last few years. The melanoma is a neoplasia originated in the melanocytes that derive from our neural crest. The acral-lentiginous subtype is the most frequent in our country, affecting palms, plants and the subungual zone. The treatment is surgical in its early stages, but in the later stages it is rarely curable with standard therapy. There are reports that the responses to the chemotherapy treatment scarcely favor more than 20% of the patients. Its ability to resist chemotherapy cannot be completely explained with the mechanisms and molecules described until now. Our laboratory has searched for the genes that are related with this resistance using a differential expression of genes technique, finding a highly expressed gene in acral melanoma tissue with a homology of 100% with the gene ABCB5. Using PCR in real time, a higher expression was found in the gene MDR1 between 26% and 1320%, which acts as a bomb that expels the chemotherapeutic agents (in comparison to the healthy tissue). On the other hand, we identified an expression of almost 50% less in the melanoma than in the healthy tissue of the ERCC1 gene, responsible for repairing damaged DNA, which could be implied as a risk factor for the development of the melanoma.


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