Higuera S, Arria M, Vera Y, Sanz R

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 150-157
PDF size: 90.73 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Adolescence is an important period in human development, due to all the physiological, physical and psychological changes that occurred and can affect the nutritional wealth of the teenager. A reflex of this is the obesity, which development during growth and maturation stages determinate its presence in the adulthood; for this reason the body mass index (BMI) was determinated and its relationship with serum lipid, as indicators of nutritional status, as well as risk for cardiovascular diseases. Research was done in 1,776 individuals of both sexes with an age between 12 and 19.99 y-old, selected from five Venezuelan states (Aragua, Carabobo, Distrito Capital, Miranda and Vargas). Data analysis included central trend measures, dispersion, ANOVA test and Post Hoc tests. In the evaluated teenagers prevalence of BMI higher than percentile 90 was between 14 and 18.7%, being higher in teenagers; gradually increasing the BMI, total cholesterol levels were significantly higher in the females. Those female and males with an elevated BMI, presented significantly higher levels of triglycerides compared to those with normal and deficient BMI, being higher in teenagers; also was observed the was low when HDL levels were decreasing; however, these levels of serum lipids resulted appropriated either for males as well for females.

REFERENCES

1. Henríquez G, Landaeta-Jiménez M, Dini E. Alimentación en el adolescente In: García M, Dini E, editors. Nutrición en pediatría. Caracas: Cania; 1999.p.137.

2. Lobstein T, Baur L, Uauy R, For the IASO International Obesity TaskForce. Obesity in children and young people: a crisis in public health. Obes Rev. 2004;5:100-104.

3. Fredman D, Khan L, Serdula M, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, et al. The relation of childhood BMI to adult adiposity: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 2005;115:22-27.

4. Webber L, Srinivasan, Berenson G. Epidemiology of early cardiovascular disease: Observations from the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Hum Biol. 1993;5:433-450.

5. Pombo M. Alteraciones en el metabolismo de los lípidos y las lipoproteinas In: Argemi J, Borrajo E, Casado E, Ferrández A, Molina J, et al. Tratado de endocrinología pediátrica. 2da. ed. Madrid: Díaz de Santos S. A.; 1997:1187- 1193.

6. Díaz E, Burrows R, Muzzo S, Galgani J, Rodríguez R. Evaluación nutricional del adolescente mediante Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) según etapa puberal. Rev Chil Pediatr 1996;67(4):153-158.

7. Daniels S, Khoury P, Morrison J. The utility of body mass index as measure of body fatness in children and adolescents. Differences by race and gender. Pediatrics 1997;99(6):804-807.

8. Pietrobelli A, Faith M, David B, Gallagher D, Ciumelo G, et al. Body mass index as measure of adiposity among children and adolescent: A validatión study. J Pediatr 1998;132:204-210.

9. Friedewald W, Levi R, Fredrickson D. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clinical Chemistry. 1972;18:499-502.

10. International Lipid Information Bureau, Capítulo Venezuela. Consenso Venezolano de Lípidos. 2000: 21.

11. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP): Highlights of the Report of the Expert Panel on Blood Cholesterol Levels in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics 1992; 89(3): 495-501.

12. Landaeta-Jiménez M, López-Blanco M, Méndez Castellano H. Índice de masa corporal de venezolanos. Variaciones del crecimiento según estrato social. IV Congreso Español de Antropometría Biológica. Zaragoza. 1995:42.

13. Roche A. The analysis of serial data. Studies in physical anthropology. 1981:71-88.

14. Frisancho AR, Anthropometric Standards for Assessment of Growth and Nutritional Status. The University of Michigan Press. Ann Arbor MI. 1990.

15. Pérez B, Landaeta-Jiménez M, Ledezma T, Mancera A. Sobrepeso, distribución grasa y lípidos séricos como factores de riesgo en adolescentes venezolanos. Rev. Esp. Antrop. Biol 2000; 21:29-40.

16. Carías D, Cioccia A M, Gutiérrez M, Hevia P, Pérez A. Indicadores bioquímicos del estado nutricional en adolescentes pre-universitarios de Caracas. Ann Ven Nutr 2009;22(1):12-19.

17. Monge R, Muñoz L, Faiges F, Rivero A, Alvarado J. Perfil lipídico de adolescentes urbanos costarricenses. Rev Costarric Cienc Med 1997;18(2):37-44.

18. Ramírez G, González C, Salmerón J, Valles V, González M, et al. Concentración de insulina y lípidos séricos en adolescentes de preparatoria en Guadalajara, México. Salud Pública de México 2003;45(S1):103-107.

19. Moreno B, Gargallo M, Lopez M. Diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades metabólicas In: Cáncer E, Garrido M, Fernández J, Gargallo M. Enfermedades metabólicas. Madrid: Díaz de Santos S. A.; 1997:237-239.

20. Gotthelf S, Jubany L. Antropometría y lípidos séricos en niños y adolescentes obesos de la ciudad de Salta. Arch Argent Pediatr 2007;105(5):411-417.

21. Pituelli N, Corbera M, Lioli S, Turco M, D'Arrigo M, et al. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Obesidad y perfil lipidico. An Pediatr 2008;68(3):257-263.

22. Meertens L, Ruido T, Díaz N, Naddaf G, Rodríguez A, et al. Relationship between serum lipids and status of vitamin C and E as antioxidants in Venezuelan elderly people. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2008;58(4):363-370.

23. Molero-Conejo E, Morales LM, Fernández V, Raleigh X, Casanova A, et al. Insulina, leptina y hormona de crecimiento y su relación con índice de masa corporal e índice de obesidad en adolescentes. Arch Latinoam Nutri. 2006;56(1):29-35.

24. Quijada Z, Paoli M, Zerpa Y, Camacho N, Cichetti R, et al. The triglyceride/HDLcholesterol ratio as a marker of cardiovascular risk in obese children; association with traditional and emergent risk factors. Pediatr Diabetes. 2008;9(5):464-471.

25. Molero-Conejo E, Morales L, Fernandez V, Raleigh X, Gomez M, et al. Lean adolescents with increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2003;53(1):39-46.