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2010, Number 1

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Acta Cient Estud 2010; 8 (1)

Multiple Myeloma: Genic and non-translocational chromosomal alterations and their prognostic implications

Da Silva-De Abreu AJ, Menoni-Blanco BJ, Cueva-Nieves DA

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 9-14
PDF size: 160.00 Kb.


ABSTRACT

In the last years it has been very important the great progress in the research of Multiple Myeloma (MM), identifying certain parameters that could correlate with the clinic of the patients. Integrity and trisomies of chromosome 17 are present in 8-21.7% of cases, being associated to a longer survival (103 vs 33 months), meanwhile its deletions (0-24.7%) involve a worse prognosis, possibly link to inactivation of gene TP53. Alterations of chromosome 13 (21-50%) have raised some controversies, being interpreted in certain occasions as crucial events for tumor cell progression in its initial stages and in others, with later phases; constituting in both cases a decrease in life expectancy (14-24 vs 47.5-88% months; for 13q14 deletions). Chromosome 1 presents gains in 1p21 around 30-40% of MM, associating to a 12-15% shorter survival. RAS family genes are mutated in 10-40% of newly diagnosed cases, increasing to 70% in relapses, being linked to increased IL-6 independence for proliferation and a worse prognosis. Chromosomal and genetic alterations are phenomenon that can be associated to different clinical and molecular stages in MM, nevertheless, not all of them have negative implications, since some can improve survival. Two major relevant factors of seem to be: the presence of oncogenes of tumor suppressor genes in such chromosomal segment and the sort of mutation it suffers.


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