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2010, Number 2

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Rev Med UV 2010; 10 (2)

Free radicals and their role in chronic-degenerative diseases

Maldonado SO, Jiménez VEN, Guapillo VMRB, Ceballos RGM, Méndez BE

Language: Spanish
References: 57
Page: 32-39
PDF size: 490.99 Kb.


ABSTRACT

A free radical is an atom or molecule that contains an unpaired electron in its outer orbital. In a normal body chemistry burning aerobic metabolism produces highly reactive oxidants such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and others, which can also be generated by other factors such as environmental pollution, consumption of tobacco, processed foods, medications, or exposure to pesticides. Under physiological conditions, the body neutralizes free radicals with antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, among others. If the ability to control oxidative substances antioxidant systems is overcome by changing the balance in favor of establishing the oxidation and in consequence oxidative stress, which can cause extensive damage to cells and biomolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. We now know that oxidative stress contributes to inflammatory cell and endothelial dysfunction, this last one considered the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. From the above, it´s very important understand the role of free radicals in our metabolism in order to understand their relation with several chronic degenerative diseases in humans. In this article, a collection of relevant and updated information of free radicals is gathered and discusses its role in cardiophaties, diabetes and cancer.


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