medigraphic.com
Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2011, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Med Int Mex 2011; 27 (2)

Ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Córdova PVH, Peña SJ, Quintero BM

Language: Spanish
References: 39
Page: 160-167
PDF size: 329.40 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Critically ill patient, regardless the cause leaving him/her intensive care unit, faces a series of risk factors that may worse his/her condition. Of them, one of the most threatening for life and function is the pneumonia associated to ventilation needed to support life. This paper reviews different aspects of this issue and summarizes a current international view. Some conducts backed up by expert organisms are suggested to facilitate the internist the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.


REFERENCES

  1. Rello J, Diaz E. Pneumonia in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2003;31(10):2544-2551.

  2. Lerroy O, et al. Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Risk Factors for Antimicrobial-Resistant Causative Pathogens in Critically Ill Patients. Chest 2003;123(6):2034-2042

  3. Lynch III, Joseph P. Hospital-acquired pneumonia risk factors, microbiology, and treatment. Chest 2001;119(2):373S-383S.

  4. Laupland KB, et al. Population-based assessment of intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections in adults: Incidence, risk factors, and associated mortality rate. Crit Care Med 2002;30(11):2462-2467.

  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia. MMWR 1997;46(RR-1):9.

  6. Ravindra MM, Niederman MS. Nosocomial pneumonia. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 2002;(15):387-394.

  7. Rello J, et al. Incidence, etiology, and outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in icu patients requiring percutaneous tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation. Chest 2003;124(6):2239-2243.

  8. Glen CM. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia or Not? Contemporary Diagnosis. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2001;7(2).

  9. Tejada-Artigas A, et al. Risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patients. Crit Care Med 2001;29(2):304-309.

  10. Rello J, et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilatorassociated pneumonia in a large US Database. Chest 2002;122(6):2115-2121.

  11. Kunis K, et al. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in the ICU. AJN 2003;103(8):64AA-64DD.

  12. Principi N, Esposito S. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP) in Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007;27:841-843.

  13. Robbins RA, et al. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 is increased in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. A preliminary report. Chest 2007;132:58-63.

  14. ATS Guidelines for the management of adults with hospitalacquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171: 388-416.

  15. Craven D, et al. Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis, the impact of targeted antibiotic therapy on patient outcomes. Chest 2009;135:521-528.

  16. Thiago L, et al. The ventilator-associated pneumonia PIRO Score. Chest 2008;134:1208-1216.

  17. Powers J, et al. Impact of oral hygiene on prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in neuroscience patients J Nurs Care Qual 2001;22;4:316-321.

  18. Schuetz P et al. Biomarkers to improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in systemic infections. Curr Op in Crit Care 2007;13:578-585.

  19. Fabregas N, et al. Clinical diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia revisited: comparative validation using immediate post-mortem lung biopsies. Thorax 1999;54:867-873.

  20. Baughman R. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Curr Op in Crit Care 2003;9:397-402.

  21. Luna C, et al. Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia: Prospective evaluation of the clinical pulmonary infection score as an early clinical predictor outcome. Crit Care Med 2003;31(3):676-682.

  22. Rea-Nieto A, et al. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review of the literature. Critical Care 2008;12:R56.

  23. Grigory H, et al. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 is increased in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2007;132:58-63.

  24. Nitin JA, et al. Diagnostic Implications of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in BAL fluid of patients with pulmonary infiltrates in the ICU. Chest 2009;135:641-647.

  25. Marin HK, et al. Silver-coated endotracheal tubes and incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. JAMA 2008;300(7):805-812.

  26. Chastre J. Preventing ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Could Silver-Coated Endotraqueal Tubes Be The Answer? JAMA 2008;300(7):842-844.

  27. Charlotte L, DePew, McCarthy MS. Subglottic secretion drainage a literature review. AACN Advanced Critical Care 2007;18(4):366-379.

  28. Dragoumanis Ch, et al. Investigating the failure to aspirate subglottic secretions with the EVAC endotraqueal tube. Anesthesia Analgesia 2007;105(4):1083-1084.

  29. Torres A, Serra-Batlles J, et al. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Ann Intern Med 1992;116:540-543.

  30. Orozco-Levi M, et al. Semirecumbent position protects from pulmonary aspiration but not completely from gastroesophageal reflux in mechanically ventilated patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995;152:1387-1390.

  31. Heyland DK, et al. Effect of postpyloric feeding on gastroesophageal regurgitation and pulmonary microaspiration: results of a randomized controlled trial. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1495-1501.

  32. Loreto V, et al. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Impact of organisms on clinical resolution and medical resources utilization. Chest 2008;133:625-632.

  33. Garnacho-Montero J, et al. Optimal management therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia: An observational, multicenter study comparing monotherapy with combination antibiotic therapy. Crit Care Med 2007;35(8):1888-1895.

  34. Wunderink R, et al. Early microbiological response to linezolid vs vancomycin in ventilator-associated pnemonia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Chest 2008; 134:1200-1207.

  35. Luna C, et al. Resolution of ventilator-associated pneumonia: Prospective evaluation of the clinical pulmonary infection score as an early clinical predictor of outcome. Crit Care Med 2003;31(3):676-682.

  36. Kollef K, et al. Predictors of 30-day mortality and hospital costs in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia attributed to potentially antibiotic resistant gram-negative bacteria. Chest 2008;134:281-287.

  37. Luna C, et al. Impact of BAL data on the therapy and outcome of ventilator associated pneumonia. Chest 1997;111:676-685.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com