2011, Number 1
<< Back Next >>
Rev Mex Anest 2011; 34 (1)
Impact of statins in the peri-operative period
Carrillo-Esper R, Sosa-García JO
Language: Spanish
References: 37
Page: 31-36
PDF size: 315.21 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular events are the main complication in the perioperative period. Statins are the drugs of choice in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases at the lipid-lowering effect, but its benefits go beyond due its pleiotropic effects in the modulation of pathological triad between inflammation, dynamic obstruction and thrombosis in the perioperative. These effects have been shown in clinical studies in non-cardiac vascular surgery, no major cardiac surgery, cardiovascular surgery and cardiac surgery, reducing the incidence of complications. In conclusion, the implementation of statin therapy in the perioperative period significantly reduces morbidity and mortality in the short and medium term.
REFERENCES
Hall MJ, Owings MF. 2000 National Hospital Discharge Survey: Advance data from vital and health statistics, No. 329. Hyattsville, Md: National Center for Health Statistics 2002.
Mangano DT. Perioperative cardiac morbidity. Anesthesiology 1990;72:153-184.
Lee TH, Marcantonio ER, Mangione C, et al. Derivation and prospective validation of a simple index for prediction of cardiac risk of major noncardiac surgery. Circulation 1999;100:1043-1049.
Poldermans D, Boersma E, Bax JJ, et al. The effect of bisoprolol on perioperative mortality and myocardial infarction in high-risk patients undergoing vascular surgery. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1789-1794.
Nettleman MD, Banitt L, Barry W, Awan I, Gordon EEI. Predictors of survival and the role of gender in postoperative myocardial infarction. Am J Med 1997;103:357-362.
Lindenauer PK, Fitzgerald J, Hoople N, Benjamin EM. The potential preventability of postoperative myocardial infarction: Underuse of perioperative B-adrenergic blockade. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:762-766.
Yannick LM, Coriat P, Collard CD, Riedel B. Statin therapy within the perioperative period. Anesthesiology 2008;108:1141-1146.
Chan YC, Cheng SW, Irwin MG. Perioperative use of statins in noncardiac surgery. Vascular Health and Risk Management 2008;4:75-81.
Endo A, Kuroda M, Tsujita Y. ML-236A, ML-236B, and ML-236C, new inhibitors of cholesterogenesis produced by Penicillium citrinium. J Antibiot 1876;29:1346-1348.
Alberts AW, Chen J, Kuron G, et al. Mevinolin: A highly potent competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl- coenzyme. A reductase and a cholesterol-lowering agent. Proc Nat Acad Sci 1980;77:3957-3961.
Ray KK, Cannon CP. The potential relevance of the multiple lipid-independent (pleiotropic) effects of statins in the management of acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:1425–1433.
Maron DJ, Fazio S, Linton MF. Current perspectives on statins. Circulation 2000;101:207–213.
Palinski W, Tsimikas S. Immunomodulatory effects of statins: Mechanisms and potential impact on arteriosclerosis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002;13:1673–1681.
Brookes ZL, McGown CC, Reilly CS. Statins for all: The new premed Br J Anaesth 2009;103:99-107.
Fleisher LE, Beckman JA, Brown KA. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery. Circulation 2007;116:e418–500.
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation 2004;110:227–239.
Poldermans D, Bax JJ, Kertai MD, et al. Statins are associated with a reduced incidence of perioperative mortality in patients undergoing major noncardiac vascular surgery. Circulation 2003; 107:1848–51.
Kertai MD, Boersma E, Westerhout CM, et al. A combination of statins and beta-blockers is independently associated with a reduction in the incidence of perioperative mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2004;28:343–352.
Ward RP, Leeper NJ, Kirkpatrick JN, et al. The effect of preoperative statin therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing infrainguinal vascular surgery. Int J Cardiol 2005;104:264–268.
O’Neil-Callahan K, Katsimaglis G, Tepper MR, et al. Statins decrease perioperative cardiac complications in patients undergoing noncardiac vascular surgery: The Statins for Risk Reduction in Surgery (StaRRS) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;45:336–342.
Durazzo AE, Machado FS, Ikeoka DT, et al. Reduction in cardiovascular events after vascular surgery with atorvastatin: A randomized trial. J Vasc Surg 2004;39:967–976.
Schouten O, Kertai MD, Bax JJ. Safety of perioperative statin use in high-risk patients undergoing major vascular surgery. Am J Cardiology 2005;95:658–660.
Lindenauer PK, Pekow P, Wang K, Gutierrez B, Benjamin EM. Lipid-lowering therapy and in-hospital mortality following major noncardiac surgery. JAMA 2004;291:2092–9.
Hindler K, Shaw AD, Samuels J, et al. Improved postoperative outcomes associated with preoperative statin therapy. Anesthesiology 2006;105:1260–1272.
Ward S, Lloyd Jones M, Pandor A. A systematic review and economic evaluation of statins for the prevention of coronary events. Health Technol Assess 2007;11:1–178.
Kennedy J, Quan H, Buchan AM, Ghali WA, Feasby TE. Statins are associated with better outcomes after carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients. Stroke 2005;36:2072–2076.
McGirt MJ, Perler BA, Brooke BS, et al. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors reduce the risk of perioperative stroke and mortality after carotid endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 2005; 42:829–836.
Liakopoulos OJ, Dorge H, Schmitto JD, et al. Effects of preoperative statin therapy on cytokines after cardiac surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006;54:250–254.
Christenson JT. Preoperative lipid-control with simvastatin reduces the risk of postoperative thrombocytosis and thrombotic complications following CABG. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1999;15:394–399.
Noordzij PG, Poldermans D, Schouten O. Beta-blockers and statins are individually associated with reduced mortality in patients undergoing noncardiac, nonvascular surgery. Coron Artery Dis 2007;8:67–72.
Le Manach Y, Godet G, Coriat P. The impact of postoperative discontinuation or continuation of chronic statin therapy on cardiac outcome after major vascular surgery. Anesth Analg 2007;104:1326–1333.
Badner NH, Knill RL, Brown JE. Myocardial infarction after noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 1998;88:572–578.
Feldman LS, Brotman DJ. Perioperative statins: More than lipid-lowering Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 2008;75:654-662.
Sethi M, Collard C. Perioperative statin therapy: Are formal guidelines and physician education needed. Anesth Analg 2007;104:1322–1324.
Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, et al. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: Prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomized trials of statins. Lancet 2005;366:1267–1278.
Cannon CP, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2004;350:1495–1504.
Schwartz GG, Olsson AG, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: The MIRACL study: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001;285:1711–1718.