medigraphic.com
ISSN 2007-5294 (Print)
Confederación Nacional de Pediatría de México, A. C. (CONAPEME)

2009, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Pediatr Mex 2009; 11 (2)

Frequency and risk factors for adolescent depression

De La O-Vizcarra M, Pimentel-Nieto D, Soto-Maldonado BA, De La O-Vizcarra TJ, Quintana-Vargas S

Language: Spanish
References: 17
Page: 57-61
PDF size: 178.13 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: The adolescence is a critical period that presents significant changes in the biological, psychological and social development. This process makes feasible depressive and anxious manifestations of variable consequences. The importance in the recognition of factors of risk resides in the appropriate detection and opportune treatment.
Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the depression frequency and to identify risk factors associated in a sample of adolescents from 15 to 19 years old.
Material and methods: Observational, analytic, prospective and transverse study was carried out in adolescents of 15 to 19 years old. A survey which explore demographic, socioeconomic, family educational level, addictions in the adolescent and his family, family violence and personal image variables and the Self-Rating Depression Scale by William Zung were applied.
Results: 1,160 students, 58.3% feminine and 41.6% masculine were interviewed. The average age was 16.17 ± 0.97 years old. A prevalence of 18.3% of probable depression was detected. Light depression was detected in 12.9%, 4.4% to moderate depression and 0.9% to serious cases. The average of risk factors was of 7.34 ± 2.95. To count with 10 factors of risk increases 4 times more possibility to have depression with CI 95% (2.831 - 5.394) an confidence interval to 95% between 2.831 and 5.394.
Conclusion: The present study allowed to settle down the depression frequency. Significant risk factors were identified and analyzed. The presence at least of 1 factor of risk of familiar violence was enough to make the probable depression diagnosis.


REFERENCES

  1. Morales-Carmona F. Alteraciones emocionales en el embarazo. En: Karchmer S y Fernández del Castillo C. Obstetricia y Medicina Perinatal: Temas Selectos. Tomo I. Ed. Colegio Mexicano de Especialistas en Ginecología y Obstetricia A.C. 2006: 295-305.

  2. Morales-Carmona F. Reproducción Humana. En Instituto Nacional de Perinatología. Psicología de la Reproducción Humana: Un enfoque integral. Ed. Trillas. 2002: 11-27.

  3. Morales Carmona F. Reproducción y crisis maduracional. En: Lartigue T y Ávila H. Sexualidad y reproducción humana en México. Vol. 1. Ed. UIA y Plaza y Valdez. 1996: 279-307.

  4. Mason WA, Kosterman R, Haggerty KP, Hawkins JD, Redmond C, Spoth RL, Shin C. Dimensions of adolescent alcohol involvement as predictors of young-adult major depression. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2008; 69(2): 275-85.

  5. Valverde EE, Purcell DW, Waldrop-Valverde D, Malow R, Knowlton AR, Gomez CA, Farrell N, Latka MH; for the INSPIRE Study Team. Correlates of depression among HIV-positive women and men who inject drugs. Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007; 46 Suppl 2: S96-100.

  6. Szigethy EM, Ruiz P. Depression among pregnant adolescents: An integrated treatment approach. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158: 1; ProQuest Psychology Journals.

  7. Melzer-Lange MD. Violence and associated high-risk health behavior in adolescents. 1998; 45(2): 307-315.

  8. Medina-Mora ME, Cravioto P, Villatoro J, Fleiz C, Galván-Castillo F, Tapia-Conyer R. Consumo de drogas entre adolescentes: resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones, 1998. Salud Pública Mex 2003; 45 supl 1: S16-S25.

  9. Goodyear IM, Cooper PJ. A community study of depression in adolescent girls. II: The clinical features of identified disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry 1993; 163: 374-380.

  10. Pincus HA, Davis WW, McQueen LE. ‘Subthreshold’ mental disorders. A review and synthesis of studies on minor depression and other ‘brand names’. British Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 174: 288-296.

  11. Costello EJ, Angold A, Burns BJ et al. The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Functional impairment and serious emotional disturbance. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996a; 53: 1137-1143.

  12. Morales-Carmona F, Díaz-Franco E, Espíndola-Hernández G, Henales-Almaraz C, Meza-Rodríguez P, Mota-González C, Pimentel-Nieto D. Concepto de Salud Psicológica. En: Temas Selectos de Orientación Psicológica, Creando Alternativas. Volumen 1. Ed. Manual Moderno: Universidad Iberoamericana – The University of Scanton. 2005 ISBN 970-729-159-1.

  13. Costello EJ, Angold A, Burns BJ et al. The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth. Goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 1996b; 53: 1129-1136.

  14. Gitanjali S, Ronald I, Peter CS, Mary DO, Wenyu S, Jay NG. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Depressive Symptoms Among Young Adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004; 158; 760-765.

  15. Zung WW, Dirham N. Self–Rating Depression Scale. Arch Genepsychiat 1965; 13: 508.

  16. González-Campillo G, Morales-Carmona F. Normalización de un instrumento para medir depresión en mujeres embarazadas. Perinatología y Reproducción Humana 1993; 7(3); 110-113.

  17. Medina-Mora ME, Borges G, Lara Muñoz C, Benjet C, Blanco Jaimes J, Fleiz Bautista C, Villatoro Velázquez J, Rojas Guiot E, Zambrano Ruiz J, Casanova Rodas L, Aguilar-Gaxiola S. Prevalencia de trastornos mentales y uso de servicios: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Epidemiología Psiquiátrica en México. Salud Mental 2003; 26(4): 1-16.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com