Solís MVM

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 13-24
PDF size: 145.43 Kb.

ABSTRACT

This experiment explores the possible materialisation of hypermnesia and reminiscence using a paired associates (PAS) paradigm. Twenty one participants learned 15 PAS. No specific relations linked the members of each pair; nor were there any specific coding instructions during the acquisition phase. Using a within–subjects design, retrieval was tested over two recall trials in which participants attempted to provide the corresponding response term to each stimulus in order to complete the 15 PAS. The most relevant results are: 1. There was no hypermnesia, net recall remained stable over trials. 2. There was statistically significant reminiscence, cumulative recall increased across trials. 3. Inter trial fluctuations were negligible; the probabilities of forgetting an already recalled item, or of retrieving a formerly forgotten item on the second trial were minimal. 4. Conversely, an already recalled-or an already forgotten-item, was very likely to be recalled, or forgotten, again on the second trial. We interpret these results as evidence for the alternative retrieval pathways hypothesis, ARP. ARP would predict no hypermnesia in this study since the possibility of establishing alternative retrieval routes was effectively blocked out by using a PA paradigm. Hence, these results show boundary conditions for hypermnesia. In opposition, reminiscence occurred; this means that the set of stimuli sampled from memory hardly ever stays fixed across trials. It also indicates that: (a) reminiscence is not a reliable predictor of hypermnesia, (b) reminiscence is not related in any significant way to incremental net recall or to levels of inter trial fluctuations. This phenomenon will emerge invariably, regardless of whether net recall increases, decreases or stays the same.

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