Oriol-López SA, Arzate-González PR, Hernández-Bernal CE, Castelazo-Arredondo JA

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 163-170
PDF size: 74.09 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting present factors inherent to patients, anesthesia and surgery. They may provoke post-surgical pain, hydroelectrolitic alterations and/or surgical wound dehiscence. Vomiting starts by a stimulus that is captured by an integrating center and the motor response that ends with the expulsion of the gastrointestinal content. In order to prevent these disorders, simple or combined schemes are used. Dexamethasone at intestinal level may prevent the release of serotonin and ondansetron directly acts at the level of the receptors. Methodology: One hundred and twenty-four patients were included in this study. The patients were subjected to non-oncologic abdominal surgery, with two or more risk factors. Group A was given 8 mg of dexamethasone, and Group B was administered 4 mg of ondansetron 20 minutes before the anesthetic induction. The anesthetic management was standardized. Results: The emetic risk was classified as slight. Nausea and vomiting were present in the 12.5% of the patients of Group A y Group B, and it was higher in women and non-smoking patients. Ventilation with face mask was suitable. The doses of the opiates used were standard. In surgeries lasting about two hours, there were no statistically significant differences between both groups. Conclusion: Dexamethasone at doses of 8 mg is effective at abdominal surgery, with a slight to moderate risk of presenting the mentioned complication.

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