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Órgano oficial de difusión de la Federación Mexicana de Patología Clínica, AC y de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Patología Clínica/Medicina de Laboratorio

2005, Number 2

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2005; 52 (2)

Cadmium and zinc concentrations in prostate cancer and benign prostatic

Galván-Bobadilla AI, García–Escamilla RM, Gutiérrez-García N, Mendoza-Magaña ML, Rosiles-Martínez R

Language: Spanish
References: 36
Page: 109-117
PDF size: 96.23 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Human prostate cancer has become one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in North America. In Mexico data from INEGI/SSA 2000 the second cause of death in men. Epidemiological studies have implied environmental factors, specially diet components, as the most risky factors in prostate cancer development. There is just a little known about the mechanisms involved in such a development. Environmental and occupational studies suggest that there is a potential participation of Cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) in prostate cancer etiology. Cadmium probably acts through indirect mechanisms, since it is an antagonist element to Zinc; that is to say, it can displace Zn from its protein and/or enzyme joint place. It has been demonstrated in vitro that Zn is involved in the structural p53 conformation and that a chelation or substitution of it gets a loss of p53 function. The objective of this sudy was to establish and compare cadmium an zinc concentrations in prostate cancer (CaP) and benign prostate hyperplasia (HPB) tissue of patients from the General Hospital number 8, zone at Mexico City. Material and methods: The study was performed using samples from prostatic tissue taken by transurethral resection (TUR) carried out in patients through clinical diagnosis of CaP and HPB, in the General Hospital of Zone No. 8 in Mexico City, during the months of June-August of the current year. According to the findings of the Service of Pathological Anatomy, two groups were formed, the group No.1 was constituted by 50 samples of tissue from CaP, and the group No. 2 by 10 samples of tissue from HPB, as well as a control group with one sample of prostatic tissue without either CaP or HPB. The methodology employed to perform the measurements of these metals was through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results of each group are presented as the mean ± SD (Standard Deviation), Student’s “t” is used to compare both groups, and Pearson’s “r” is employed to analyze the correlation among the quantitative variables. Results: The average ages of the patients with CaP, HPB, and neither HPB nor CaP were 63.2 ± 9.5, 67.5 ± 9.2, and 65 respectively. The APE average concentrations in CaP, HPB, and neither CaP nor HPB were 37.1 ± 34.6, 5.41 ± 6.2, and 2.8 respectively. Zn average concentration (µg/g of dry weight) was greater in HPB (313.2 ± 249.6) than in CaP (60.9 ± 55.2). When applying Student’s “t” a value of 3.16 was obtained (p value = 0.010). Cadmium concentration (µg/g of dry weight) was greater in CaP (49.1 ± 120.1) than in HPB (37.5 ± 135.4); however, when applying Student’s “t” a value of -0.25 was obtained (p value = 0.34). The correlation (Pearson’s “r”) between Zinc and Cadmium in HPB was -0.08, the correlation between age and Zinc was -0.03, age and Cd 0.23. Conclusions: 1). The average Zinc concentration was greater in HPB than in CaP, what was statistically significant; this is to say that in prostate cancer, Zn is present in a lower concentration. 2). In the analyzed population, the average Zn concentration both in HPB and in CaP is similar than the ones found in other studies performed in other populations; however, Cd average concentration was different from the one described by other authors. 3). The average Cadmium concentration was greater in CaP than in HPB; however, this measurement was statistically non-significant. 4). A low correlation was found between both Cadmium and Zinc concentrations in HPB and CaP.


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