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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2000, Number 4

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Rev Biomed 2000; 11 (4)

Congenital hypothyroidism: the history and utility of screening

Marrero-González N, Rodríguez-Fernández C

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page: 283-292
PDF size: 45.33 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a disease that has been known since the 15th century when people suffering from this condition were called cretins. It´s caused by the absence of the anatomical or functional thyroid gland which provokes a deficiency in the production of thyroid hormones. These hormones are indispensable for the correction of physical and mental development from the first moments of life. This illness is the most frequent avoidable cause of mental retard in children. CH is included in neonatal screening programs of many states and countries because of the following reasons: 1.- The disorder brings about irreversible neurological abnormalities. 2.- The clinical detection in neonates is impossible because its symptoms are subjective and scarce. 3.-The disorder can be effectively treated with a simple treatment, oral thyroxine supplementation. 4.- The incidence of the disorder is 1:4000 newborns. 5.- Screening methods available are simple, rapid, reliable and economical. 6.- The cost-benefit ratio becomes positive for the society.


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