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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2000, Número 4

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Rev Biomed 2000; 11 (4)


Hipotiroidismo Congénito: historia e impacto del tamizaje

Marrero-González N, Rodríguez-Fernández C

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 283-292
Archivo PDF: 45.33 Kb.


RESUMEN

El Hipotiroidismo Congénito (HC), es una enfermedad que se conoce desde el siglo 15 donde las personas que sufrían de esta condición eran llamados cretinos. Es causada por la ausencia anatómica o funcional de la glándula tiroides, lo que ocasiona una deficiencia en la producción de hormonas tiroideas. Estas hormonas son imprescindibles para un adecuado desarrollo físico y mental desde los primeros momentos de la vida. Esta enfermedad constituye la causa más frecuente de retardo mental evitable en el niño. El HC está incluido en los programas de Tamizaje Neonatal de muchos países y estados por las siguientes razones: 1.- La enfermedad trae como consecuencia anormalidades neurológicas irreversibles. 2.- La detección clínica en neonatos es prácticamente imposible, ya que sus síntomas son muy subjetivos y escasos. 3.- La enfermedad puede ser tratada eficazmente con un tratamiento simple, suplementación oral con tiroxina. 4.- La incidencia de la enfermedad es de 1:4000 recién nacidos. 5.- Los métodos de tamizaje disponibles son simples, rápidos, confiables y económicos. 6.- La relación costo-beneficio resulta positiva para la sociedad.


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