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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2007, Number 1

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Arch Neurocien 2007; 12 (1)

Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: cause or consequence?

Angoa PM, Rivas AS

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 45-54
PDF size: 112.95 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s, Huntington and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as well. Increased markers of oxidative damage are present in such conditions. They involve protein, lipids, DNA and even RNA oxidation. Several evidences indicate that increase in reactive oxygen species, an antioxidant systems deficit, decreased repair DNA mechanisms, proteolysis and the loss of immune system regulation are contributing factors to an increased oxidative stress. All those processes ultimately lead to a progressive neuronal death and damage. Alzheimer’s a neurofibrillary tangles disorder, Parkinson’s disease, a decrease in dopaminergic neurons, Huntington’s, a loss of neostriatal neurons and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a motor neuron disease, are common neurodegenerative diseases. Although these disorders differ from important pathways, they share some pathogenic features including inflammation, genetic mutations and inappropriate protein aggregates (Lewy bodies, amyloid plaques). Glial activation and dysfunction in dopaminergic, cholinergic and gabaergic systems are also common. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction that eventually lead to neuronal death play a fundamental in the progressive impairment that patients with that kind of neurodegenerative diseases show. In current review, aspects that closely associate an oxidative stress state to neurodegeneration processes occurring in some neuropathologic conditions.


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