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1999, Number 4

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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 1999; 12 (4)

Beliefs on acute respiratory infections in children younger than five years old: Ethnographic study in two indigenous communities of the State of Oaxaca

Romero HC, Vaca MMÁ, Bernal ADA

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 250-261
PDF size: 133.89 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: In Mexico, mortality due to acute respiratory infections (ARI) has diminished by 41.5% from 1990 to 1997. Among indigenous and marginal communities, however, mortality rates are still high.
Objective: To find out how the mothers of two Mexican indigenous communities perceive and identify ARIs and the medical practices they employ.
Material and methods: This etnographic study was carried out in 2 indigenous communities from Oaxaca, one was mixtec and the other zapotec. The study population consisted of 24 mixtec and 15 zapotec mothers, between 15 and 65 years old, with one or more children under 5 years old. Two questionnaires were applied, one was semi-open and the other socioeconomic, and they were orally translated by members of the communities.
Results: In the mixtec community, no mother recognized pneumonia, in the zapotec community, only one third of the mothers. Of the upper ARI, most mothers of both communities recognize the common cold. Infections are attended in one of three ways: traditional or domestic methods or self-medication. No mother mentioned the use of antibiotics. Only when their children suffer a severe ARI they do attend to the official medical care center.
Conclusion: The lack of understanding of maternal perceptions on the health-illness process of ARI may render the efforts to prepare mothers in the prevention and control of these diseases, useless. The Western biomedical concept is alien to them and this contributes to keep high morbidity and mortality rates in their communities.


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