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2024, Number 1

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Rev Hematol Mex 2024; 25 (1)

Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of acute myeloid leukemia in patients of Hospital Juarez of Mexico

Perero PA, Sánchez PK, Cruz RJ, Tejeda RM, Cruz LF, Pineda TB, Moncada GV, Coutiño OSS, López PS, Milán SA

Language: Spanish
References: 18
Page: 1-10
PDF size: 289.58 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) develops through sequential acquisition of somatic mutations, where hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells have the capacity for self-renewal and propagation of the neoplastic clone. The objective of this study is to identify cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia patients attending Hospital Juarez of Mexico.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted on men and women over 18 years old diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia according to WHO criteria, treated at the Hematology Service of Hospital Juarez of Mexico from January 2021 to March 2023. Bone marrow aspirations, flow cytometry, PCR, karyotyping, and molecular rearrangement analysis at diagnosis were performed to classify acute myeloid leukemia.
Results: There were included 32 patients, onset age of acute myeloid leukemia was similar to previous reports in Hispanic and Latin-American population. Genetic rearrangements were identified in one patient, and age, sex and clinical manifestations of each patient were determined. The most frequent mutations detected by PCR and karyotyping were: FLT3-IDT (6.25%), FLT3-TKD (6.25%), inv(16)/t(16;16) (6.25%), NPM1 (6.25%), t(8;21) (3%), and CBFB-MYH11 (3%). Complete remission was observed in 11 patients.
Conclusiones: The main mutations and fusion genes identified were: FLT3-IDT, FLT3-TKD, inv(16)/t(16;16), NPM1, t(8;21), CBFB-MYH11. Cytogenetic and molecular characterization allows to provide personalized treatment to patients with acute myeloid leukemia.


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